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Shloka 9

Glory of Āśvina Pūrṇimā and Dvādaśī Gifts: Bhakti, Proper Giving, and a Redemption Narrative

विद्याहीनो द्विजो मोहाद्दानं गृह्णाति मूढधीः । कालानलं यथा जीर्णं तेन स निरयं व्रजेत्

vidyāhīno dvijo mohāddānaṃ gṛhṇāti mūḍhadhīḥ | kālānalaṃ yathā jīrṇaṃ tena sa nirayaṃ vrajet

Seorang dvija yang tiada ilmu sejati, kerana delusi dan akal yang dungu, menerima pemberian; bagaikan barang usang dilahap api Waktu, kerana itu dia menuju neraka.

विद्याहीनःdevoid of learning
विद्याहीनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्या + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): विद्यायाः हीनः
द्विजःa twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
मोहात्from delusion; due to delusion
मोहात्:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootमोह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)
दानम्a gift; alms
दानम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
गृह्णातिaccepts; takes
गृह्णाति:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु) + लट्
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
मूढधीःof deluded intellect
मूढधीः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमूढ + धी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः कर्मधारयः: मूढा धीः यस्य सः
कालानलम्the fire of time
कालानलम्:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल + अनल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: कालस्य अनलः
यथाas; just as
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable); उपमान-निर्देशक (comparative particle: 'as/like')
जीर्णम्worn out; decayed
जीर्णम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object) (उपमेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजॄ (धातु) → जीर्ण (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि प्रयोगार्थं (used predicatively with implied object)
तेनby that; thereby
तेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
निरयम्hell
निरयम्:
Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म; destination as object of motion)
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
व्रजेत्would go; may go
व्रजेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज् (धातु) + विधिलिङ्
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative/Potential), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

Unspecified (context-dependent within Brahma-khaṇḍa narration; likely a sage instructing the listener)

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मोहाद्दानम् = मोहात् + दानम्; (द्-द् संयोग).

FAQs

It warns that accepting gifts without the requisite knowledge and discernment—especially by one expected to uphold dharma—becomes spiritually harmful and leads to severe karmic consequences.

“Dvija” refers to the twice-born (initiated) person, traditionally expected to live by learning and restraint; without true knowledge (vidyā), taking gifts is portrayed as delusion-driven and degrading rather than sustaining dharma.

It suggests inevitable decay and destruction: just as Time’s fire consumes what is already worn out, the act of ignorant acceptance of gifts hastens one’s spiritual downfall toward “niraya” (hell).