Shloka 56

The Greatness of Hari’s Janmāṣṭamī (Jayantī) Vow

Devanagari script

ततस्तु शकटं क्षिप्त्वा तृणावर्तादिमर्दनम् । कालीयदमनं कृत्वा गतो मधुपुरीं ततः

Transliteration

tatastu śakaṭaṃ kṣiptvā tṛṇāvartādimardanam | kālīyadamanaṃ kṛtvā gato madhupurīṃ tataḥ

Translation

Kemudian Baginda membalikkan kereta (śakaṭa), menghancurkan Tṛṇāvarta dan yang lain; menundukkan Kāliya, lalu berangkat ke Madhupurī (Mathurā).

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla (काल/Temporal adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्—अपादान/क्रमवाचक (then/from that)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्—निपात (particle)

• शकटम्: the cart
• शकटम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• क्षिप्त्वा: having thrown
• क्षिप्त्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षिप् (धातु) + क्त्वा
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अर्थः—क्षिप्त्वा (having thrown/struck aside)

• तृणावर्त-आदि-मर्दनम्: the crushing of Trinavarta and others
• तृणावर्त-आदि-मर्दनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृणावर्त (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + मर्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः: तृणावर्तादीनां मर्दनम् (crushing of Trinavarta etc.); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कालीय-दमनम्: the subduing of Kāliya
• कालीय-दमनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालीय (प्रातिपदिक) + दमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (षष्ठी): कालीयस्य दमनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त्वा
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अर्थः—कृत्वा (having done)

• गतः: went
• गतः: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मधुपुरीम्: to Mathurā (Madhupurī)
• मधुपुरीम्: Karma (कर्म/Goal as object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधुपुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/कर्म—destination), एकवचन

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Kāla (काल/Temporal adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्—क्रमवाचक (then/thereafter)

Speaker

Narratorial voice within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: ततस्तु = ततः तु.

Characters & Entities

• Tṛṇāvarta
• Kāliya
• Madhupurī (Mathurā)

FAQs

Which Krishna episodes are compressed into this single verse?

It alludes to Śakaṭa-bhaṅga (overturning the cart), the defeat of the demon Tṛṇāvarta, the subduing of the serpent Kāliya, and then Krishna’s departure to Madhupurī (Mathurā).

Why is Madhupurī (Mathurā) significant in Vaishnava tradition?

Madhupurī/Mathurā is central to Krishna’s earthly līlā cycle—especially the transition from Vraja episodes to the Mathurā phase culminating in the confrontation with Kaṃsa.

What is the ethical or spiritual lesson implied by the verse?

It portrays the divine as the remover of threats—both overt (demons) and subtle (poisonous, disruptive forces symbolized by Kāliya)—and frames Krishna’s actions as purposeful progression within dharma and protection of devotees.