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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 29

Saṃsāra-duḥkha: Karmic Descent, Garbhavāsa, Life’s Anxieties, Death, and the Call to Jñāna-Bhakti

मम मूलधनं नास्ति वृष्टिश्चापि न वर्षति । अश्वः पलायितः कुत्र गावः किं नागता मम ॥ २९ ॥

mama mūladhanaṃ nāsti vṛṣṭiścāpi na varṣati | aśvaḥ palāyitaḥ kutra gāvaḥ kiṃ nāgatā mama || 29 ||

Harta pokokku tiada lagi; hujan pun tidak turun. Ke manakah kudaku melarikan diri? Mengapa lembu-lembuku belum kembali?

ममof me / my
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
मूलधनम्principal wealth / capital
मूलधनम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमूल + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative: 'principal' + 'wealth')
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
अस्तिexists / is
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
वृष्टिःrainfall / rain
वृष्टिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
अपिalso / even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपि = 'also/even' (particle)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
वर्षतिrains
वर्षति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवृष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद
अश्वःthe horse
अश्वः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (Singular)
पलायितःhas fled
पलायितः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootपलाय् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying 'aśvaḥ')
कुत्रwhere?
कुत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुत्र (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
गावःthe cows
गावः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
किम्why?/what? (interrogative)
किम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative particle)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
आगताःhave come / returned
आगताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + गम् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying 'gāvaḥ')
ममof me / my
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Unspecified (narrative voice within the dialogue context of Book 1.1; traditionally within the Narada–Sanatkumara instruction framework)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

The verse highlights the mind’s entanglement in artha (wealth) and possessions—capital, rain (agricultural fortune), and livestock—showing how worldly insecurity drives worry and distraction, a setup for teaching dharma and detachment.

By portraying the instability of external supports (wealth, rain, animals), it implicitly points to bhakti as a steadier refuge—directing the seeker from dependence on fluctuating fortune toward reliance on the Divine and dharmic living.

Indirectly, it touches the lived domain where Vedanga applications matter—especially Jyotiṣa (timing/agricultural omens) and Kalpa (householder duties/ritual order)—though the verse itself is primarily a statement of material distress rather than a technical instruction.