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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 22

Pāpa-bheda, Naraka-yātanā, Mahāpātaka-vicāra, Atonement Limits, Daśa-vidhā Bhakti, and Gaṅgā as Final Remedy

तत्सर्वं संप्रवक्ष्यामि तन्मे निगदतः श्रृणु । ब्रह्महा च सुरापी च स्तेयी च गुरुतल्पगः ॥ २२ ॥

tatsarvaṃ saṃpravakṣyāmi tanme nigadataḥ śrṛṇu | brahmahā ca surāpī ca steyī ca gurutalpagaḥ || 22 ||

Aku sekarang akan menjelaskan semua itu sepenuhnya — dengarlah kata-kataku: pembunuh seorang brahmana, peminum arak, pencuri, dan pencabul tempat tidur guru.

तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण (सर्वम्)
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मपद
सम्-प्रवक्ष्यामिI will explain/tell fully
सम्-प्रवक्ष्यामि:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + √वच् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘that (speech/statement)’
मेto me
मे:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/चतुर्थी)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी (Gen./Dat.), एकवचन; ‘to me/of me’
निगदतःwhile I am speaking / of me speaking
निगदतः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeVerb
Rootनिगदत् (कृदन्त; नि + √गद्)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of (me) speaking’
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
ब्रह्म-हाslayer of a Brahmin
ब्रह्म-हा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + हन् (धातु √हन् ‘to kill’ से ‘हन्’/‘हा’ प्रत्ययान्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (ब्रह्मणः हन्ता)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक-निपात
सुरा-पीdrinker of liquor
सुरा-पी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुरा (प्रातिपदिक) + पा (धातु √पा ‘to drink’ से ‘पी’/‘पिन्’ भाव)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (सुरां पिबति)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक-निपात
स्तेयीthief
स्तेयी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेयिन्/स्तेयी (प्रातिपदिक; √स्ते/स्त्यै ‘to steal’ से)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘thief/stealer’
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक-निपात
गुरु-तल्प-गःone who violates the guru’s bed (sexual transgressor)
गुरु-तल्प-गः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + तल्प (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (प्रातिपदिक; √गम् ‘to go’ से)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (गुरोः तल्पं गच्छति/गतः = one who goes to the teacher’s bed; i.e., violates guru’s bed)

Sanatkumara (addressing Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It introduces a formal teaching on the gravest ethical breaches (mahāpātakas), framing them as spiritually obstructive actions that require clear understanding and remedial discipline (dharma and purification) to restore one’s path.

By first naming the major sins, the text prepares the ground for sincere repentance and purification—key supports for steady bhakti—since devotion is strengthened when conduct aligns with dharma and the conscience is cleansed.

This verse primarily belongs to Dharma instruction (smṛti-style ethical classification). It does not directly teach a Vedāṅga technique, but it sets up the practical framework in which ritual expiations (kalpa-oriented practice) are later prescribed.