Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 15

Dharma-ākhyāna (Discourse on Dharma): Worthy Charity, Fruitless Gifts, and the Merit of Building Ponds

Devanagari script

परिवित्तेः शठस्यापि परिवत्तुः प्रमादिनः । स्त्रीजितस्यातिदुष्टस्य दत्तं भवित निष्फलम् ॥ १६ ॥

Transliteration

parivitteḥ śaṭhasyāpi parivattuḥ pramādinaḥ | strījitasyātiduṣṭasya dattaṃ bhavita niṣphalam || 16 ||

Translation

Sedekah yang diberikan kepada ‘parivitta’ (yang didahului), kepada orang yang licik, kepada ‘parivattṛ’ (yang mendahului orang lain), kepada yang lalai, kepada yang ditundukkan oleh wanita, atau kepada yang sangat jahat—menjadi sia-sia tanpa pahala.

Word by Word

• parivitteḥ: of the younger brother married before the elder
• parivitteḥ: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान) implied context
• Type: Noun
• Root: parivitti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• śaṭhasya: of the deceitful/rogue
• śaṭhasya: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान) implied context
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śaṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• api: also
• api: null
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• parivattuḥ: of the unmarried elder brother (whose younger is married)
• parivattuḥ: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान) implied context
• Type: Noun
• Root: parivattṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• pramādinaḥ: of the negligent/careless
• pramādinaḥ: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान) implied context
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pramādin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• strījitasya: of one conquered by women (henpecked)
• strījitasya: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान) implied context
• Type: Adjective
• Root: strījita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• atiduṣṭasya: of the excessively wicked
• atiduṣṭasya: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान) implied context
• Type: Adjective
• Root: atiduṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• dattam: given (charity)
• dattam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: datta (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhavati: becomes
• bhavati: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Lat Lakara (Present/लट), Parasmaipada, Prathama Purusha (3rd), Singular (एकवचन). Note: Text has 'bhavita' (likely typo or irregular)

• niṣphalam: fruitless
• niṣphalam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣphala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Unspecified narrator/authorial voice (gnomic statement).

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Characters & Entities

• parivitta
• parivattṛ
• śaṭha
• pramādin
• strījita
• atidūṣṭa

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