Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 183

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

स्थिरीकृतार्द्धरा त्रार्द्धौ द्वयोर्विवरलिप्तकाः । षष्टिश्चाचंद्रभुक्ताप्ता पातकालस्य नाडिकाः ॥ १८३ ॥

Transliteration

sthirīkṛtārddharā trārddhau dvayorvivaraliptakāḥ | ṣaṣṭiścācaṃdrabhuktāptā pātakālasya nāḍikāḥ || 183 ||

Translation

Apabila ukuran separuh telah ditetapkan, dua unit trārdha membentuk sela yang dinamakan liptā. Dan enam puluh unit demikian, yang diperoleh melalui hisab bulan, menjadi nāḍikā (unit masa) bagi pātakāla, iaitu pembahagian masa yang ditentukan.

Word by Word

• स्थिरीकृत-अर्ध-राः: the fixed half-parts
• स्थिरीकृत-अर्ध-राः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थिरीकृत (कृदन्त; √कृ, क्त with causative sense) + अर्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + रा (प्रातिपदिक; here ‘rā’ as unit/part)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-बहुवचन (1st pl.)

• त्रि-अर्धौ: two ‘three-halves’ (i.e., 1.5 units each)
• त्रि-अर्धौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + अर्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः द्विगुः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा-द्विवचन (1st dual)

• द्वयोः: of the two
• द्वयोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/सप्तमी-द्विवचन (6th/7th dual)

• विवर-लिप्तकाः: the liptā-units of the difference (gap)
• विवर-लिप्तकाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवर (प्रातिपदिक) + लिप्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-बहुवचन (1st pl.)

• षष्टिः: sixty
• षष्टिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षष्टि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा-एकवचन (1st sg.)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अचन्द्र-भुक्त-आप्ताः: obtained without (using) the moon’s bhukti
• अचन्द्र-भुक्त-आप्ताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ- (निषेध) + चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + भुक्त (कृदन्त; √भुज्, क्त) + आप्त (कृदन्त; √आप्, क्त)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-बहुवचन (1st pl.)

• पात-कालस्य: of the time of pāta
• पात-कालस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पात (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी-एकवचन (6th sg.)

• नाडिकाः: nāḍikā-s (time-units)
• नाडिकाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाडिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा-बहुवचन (1st pl.)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes that Dharma and ritual practice depend on correct kāla (time) reckoning; precise measurement supports disciplined observance and orderly spiritual life.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti practices (vratas, pūjā timings, fasts) rely on accurate time divisions; this verse supplies the technical groundwork so devotional observances align with śāstric timing.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa: it details technical subdivisions of time (liptā, nāḍikā) and notes their derivation through lunar computation used for calendrical and ritual scheduling.