Previous Verse
Next Verse

Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 54

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

समाद्याश्चाप्युदात्तेतः षट्चत्वारिंशदुदीरिताः । चत्वारिशच्छतं चापि दिवादौ धातवो मताः ॥ ५४ ॥

samādyāścāpyudāttetaḥ ṣaṭcatvāriṃśadudīritāḥ | catvāriśacchataṃ cāpi divādau dhātavo matāḥ || 54 ||

Selain itu, bermula dengan kelas “sam-ādi” dan termasuk yang bertanda aksen udātta, empat puluh enam telah disebutkan. Dan bermula dengan kelas divādi, akar-akar kata kerja dianggap berjumlah empat ratus empat puluh.

samādyāḥthose beginning with ‘sama’
samādyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsama + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), ‘also/even’
udāttetaḥstarting from ‘udātta’
udāttetaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootudātta + itaḥ (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial ablatival form (तसिल्/ablative adverb), ‘from/starting with udātta’
ṣaṭcatvāriṃśatforty-six
ṣaṭcatvāriṃśat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣaṭ + catvāriṃśat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSaṅkhyā-vācaka (numeral/संख्यावाचक), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) — agreeing with samādyāḥ
udīritāḥare stated/uttered
udīritāḥ:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (मुख्यविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootud-īr (धातु) + ta (क्त) → udīrita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
catvāriṃśatforty
catvāriṃśat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatvāriṃśat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSaṅkhyā-vācaka (numeral/संख्यावाचक), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) — qualifying śatam
śatama hundred
śatam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), ‘also’
divādauin the Divādi (class)
divādau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdivādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); gaṇa-nirdeśa ‘in the Divādi (class)’
dhātavaḥroots (verbal roots)
dhātavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdhātu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
matāḥare considered
matāḥ:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (मुख्यविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootman (धातु) + ta (क्त) → mata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical, dharma-śāstra/śikṣā-vyākaraṇa oriented passage)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It frames disciplined Vedic study—especially correct grammatical and phonetic knowledge—as part of Moksha Dharma, implying that precision in śāstra (sound, accent, and verbal-root analysis) supports clarity of mantra, meaning, and right understanding.

Indirectly: it emphasizes the correct tools of sacred learning (śikṣā and vyākaraṇa). In the Purāṇic context, such precision safeguards the faithful recitation and comprehension that nourish Vishnu-bhakti and scriptural devotion.

Vedāṅga-oriented grammar and phonetics: enumeration/classification of dhātus (verbal roots) by gaṇa (e.g., divādi) and reference to udātta accent marking—key for accurate recitation and linguistic analysis.