Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 49

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

आत्मनेपदिनौ धातू षूङ्दूङ्द्वावपि नारद । ओदितः पूङ्मुखाः सप्त आत्मनेदपिनो मताः ॥ ४९ ॥

Transliteration

ātmanepadinau dhātū ṣūṅdūṅdvāvapi nārada | oditaḥ pūṅmukhāḥ sapta ātmanedapino matāḥ || 49 ||

Translation

Wahai Nārada, dua akar kata kerja Ṣūṅ dan Dūṅ diklasifikasikan sebagai ātmanepada (akhiran “untuk diri sendiri”). Demikian juga akar “O” dan tujuh akar yang bermula dengan “Pūṅ” turut dianggap ātmanepada.

Word by Word

• आत्मनेपदिनौ: ātmanepada (two)
• आत्मनेपदिनौ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आत्मनेपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; आत्मनेपद-प्रयोगिनौ (ātmanepada)

• धातू: two roots
• धातू: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• षूङ्: the root ‘ṣūṅ’
• षूङ्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षूङ् (धातु)
• Form: धातुनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन (उद्धृत-धातु)

• दूङ्: the root ‘dūṅ’
• दूङ्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूङ् (धातु)
• Form: धातुनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन (उद्धृत-धातु)

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन (two)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: ‘also’)

• नारद: O Nārada
• नारद: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• ओदितः: ‘odita’ (a dhātu-name)
• ओदितः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओदित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; धातुगण/सूत्र-नामरूपे (as a named item ‘odita’)

• पूङ्-मुखाः: those beginning with ‘pūṅ’
• पूङ्-मुखाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूङ् (धातु-नाम/प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘beginning with pūṅ’

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक, अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (seven)

• आत्मनेपदिनः: ātmanepada (verbs)
• आत्मनेपदिनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मनेपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मताः: are considered
• मताः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Moksha-Dharma teaching in the Narada Purana is supported by Vedāṅga learning: precise Vyākaraṇa (grammar) safeguards correct mantra/śāstra understanding, which is treated as an aid to right knowledge.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by emphasizing correct linguistic discipline, it supports accurate recitation and comprehension of Vishnu-oriented śāstra and stotras—foundational for steady bhakti practice.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit grammar): it identifies specific dhātus (verbal roots) that take ātmanepada endings, a technical rule used in correct verb formation and textual interpretation.