Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 3

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

तथा विकारनाशाभ्यां वर्णानां यत्र नारद । धातोर्योगातिशयी च संयोगः परिकीर्तितः ॥ ३ ॥

Transliteration

tathā vikāranāśābhyāṃ varṇānāṃ yatra nārada | dhātoryogātiśayī ca saṃyogaḥ parikīrtitaḥ || 3 ||

Translation

Demikian juga, wahai Nārada, apabila pada suku kata terdapat perubahan dan juga pengguguran, dan apabila ada pertautan yang diperkukuh kerana gabungan dengan akar kata kerja (dhātu), maka itulah yang diisytiharkan sebagai ‘saṃyoga’ (pertautan).

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise/thus
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

• विकार-नाशाभ्याम्: by modification and loss
• विकार-नाशाभ्याम्: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विकार (प्रातिपदिक) + नाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (‘by modification and loss’)

• वर्णानाम्: of letters/sounds
• वर्णानाम्: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• यत्र: where/wherein
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, सम्बन्ध/देशवाचक (relative adverb: ‘where/wherein’)

• नारद: O Nārada
• नारद: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• धातोः: of the verbal root
• धातोः: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• योग-अतिशयी: having excessive joining/augmentation
• योग-अतिशयी: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक) + अतिशयिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (‘having an excess/augmentation of joining’)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction: ‘and’)

• संयोगः: conjunction/combination
• संयोगः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• परिकीर्तितः: is declared
• परिकीर्तितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कॄत्/कीर्त् (धातु) → परि + कीर्तित (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगार्थः (‘is declared/mentioned’)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes precision in śabda (sacred sound): correct understanding of how letters combine, change, or drop is part of disciplined Vedic learning, supporting accurate mantra recitation and thus steadiness of mind in Moksha-dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti relies on sincere remembrance and chanting; this verse supports devotion indirectly by defining sound-combination principles so that names and mantras are pronounced and joined correctly, preserving intended meaning and devotional efficacy.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga śikṣā/vyākaraṇa: it points to phonetic/grammatical analysis—vikāra (sound change), nāśa (elision/lopa), and dhātu-yoga (root-based combination)—as criteria for identifying and explaining saṃyoga (conjunct formation/combination).