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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 7

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

पंचमी स्यान्ङसिभ्यांभ्यो ह्यपादाने च कारके । यतोऽपैति समादत्ते अपदत्ते च यं यतः ॥ ७ ॥

Transliteration

paṃcamī syānṅasibhyāṃbhyo hyapādāne ca kārake | yato'paiti samādatte apadatte ca yaṃ yataḥ || 7 ||

Translation

Kasus kelima (pañcamī) digunakan dengan imbuhan ṅasi, bhyām dan bhyas bagi kāraka yang disebut apādāna (titik pemisahan). Dari mana sesuatu berangkat, dari mana sesuatu diambil, dan dari mana sesuatu diterima—itulah apādāna.

Word by Word
पंचमीthe ablative (fifth case)
पंचमी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चमी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विभक्ति-नाम (5th case)
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
ङसिablative singular ending marker
ङसि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootङसि (प्रत्याहार/प्रत्यय-सूचक)
Formविभक्ति-प्रत्यय-सूचक अव्यय: पञ्चमी-एकवचन प्रत्ययः ‘-tas/-āt’ class; listed as ‘ṅasi’ in pratyāhāra
भ्याम्ablative dual ending marker
भ्याम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभ्याम् (प्रत्याहार/प्रत्यय-सूचक)
Formविभक्ति-प्रत्यय-सूचक अव्यय: पञ्चमी-द्विवचन प्रत्ययः ‘-bhyām’
भ्यःablative plural ending marker
भ्यः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभ्यः (प्रत्याहार/प्रत्यय-सूचक)
Formविभक्ति-प्रत्यय-सूचक अव्यय: पञ्चमी-बहुवचन प्रत्ययः ‘-bhyas’ (भ्यः)
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formहेतौ/निश्चये अव्यय (particle: for/indeed)
अपादानेin the source (apādāna)
अपादाने:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअपादान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण ‘in the source/separation (apādāna)’
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय
कारकेin the kāraka-role
कारके:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकारक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण
यतःfrom which
यतः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; अपादान-निर्देश ‘from which/whence’
अपैतिgoes away/departs
अपैति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग ‘अप-’ (away)
समादत्तेtakes/receives
समादत्ते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) with सम्-आ- (उपसर्ग) → समा-दा
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘takes/receives’
अपदत्तेgives away/removes
अपदत्ते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) with अप- (उपसर्ग) → अप-दा
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘gives away/removes’ (contextual)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय
यम्whom/which
यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कर्म-निर्देश ‘whom/which’
यतःfrom whom
यतः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; अपादान-निर्देश ‘from whom/whence’
Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

It preserves Vedāṅga-Vyākaraṇa knowledge within the Purāṇa, showing that liberation-oriented teaching (mokṣa-dharma) is supported by precise understanding of scripture through correct grammar.

Indirectly: bhakti relies on accurate hearing and recitation of names, mantras, and teachings; this rule helps a devotee grasp meanings correctly by identifying the ‘source/separation’ sense expressed by the pañcamī.

Vedāṅga—Vyākaraṇa: the pañcamī (ablative) case-endings (ṅasi/bhyām/bhyaḥ) are taught for apādāna kāraka—used when something departs from, is taken from, or is received from a source.

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