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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 18

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

तिप्त संतीति प्रथमो मध्यमः सिप्थस्थोत्तमः । मिव्वस्मसः परस्मै तु पादानां चा मपनेदम् ॥ १८ ॥

Transliteration

tipta saṃtīti prathamo madhyamaḥ sipthasthottamaḥ | mivvasmasaḥ parasmai tu pādānāṃ cā mapanedam || 18 ||

Translation

“Tipta” dan “saṃtīti” hendaklah difahami sebagai bentuk pertama dan bentuk pertengahan; “sipthastha” ialah bentuk terbaik (bentuk akhir). Bagi parasmaipada (penggunaan aktif), ada juga pengguguran (elisi) unsur pada bahagian pāda/akhiran—itulah kaedah yang dinyatakan.

Word by Word
तिप्‘tip’ (3rd person singular parasmaipada ending)
तिप्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootतिप् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम (technical term), प्रथमा (1st) एकवचन (Singular)
तस्‘tas’ (3rd person dual parasmaipada ending)
तस्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootतस् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
झि‘jhi’ (3rd person plural parasmaipada ending)
झि:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootझि (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
प्रथमःthe first (person)
प्रथमः:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘first (person)’ (technical)
मध्यमःthe middle/second (person)
मध्यमः:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘middle/second (person)’ (technical)
सिप्‘sip’ (2nd person singular parasmaipada ending)
सिप्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootसिप् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
थस्‘thas’ (2nd person dual parasmaipada ending)
थस्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootथस् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
थ‘tha’ (2nd person plural parasmaipada ending)
थ:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootथ (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
उत्तमःthe highest/first (person)
उत्तमः:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘highest/first (person)’ (technical: 1st person)
मि‘mi’ (1st person singular parasmaipada ending)
मि:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootमि (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
वस्‘vas’ (1st person dual parasmaipada ending)
वस्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootवस् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
मस्‘mas’ (1st person plural parasmaipada ending)
मस्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootमस् (प्रत्यय/तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; तिङ्-प्रत्यय-नाम, प्रथमा एकवचन
परस्मैfor the parasmaipada
परस्मै:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootपरस्मै (प्रातिपदिक; परस्मैपद-शब्दः)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (technical term treated as neuter), चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; ‘for parasmaipada’
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक
पादानाम्of the endings
पादानाम्:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootपाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; ‘of the padas/endings’
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
आत्मनेfor the ātmanepada
आत्मने:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मने (प्रातिपदिक; आत्मनेपद-शब्दः)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (technical term treated as neuter), चतुर्थी, एकवचन; ‘for ātmanepada’
इदम्this
इदम्:
Vishaya (विषय/Topic)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; deictic pronoun
Speaker

Narada (in an instructional/technical exposition, consistent with Vedanga-style rules within the Moksha-Dharma section)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

Even within Moksha-Dharma, the Purana preserves Vedanga-style precision: correct speech, correct textual transmission, and disciplined learning are treated as supportive disciplines (sādhana) that steady the mind for dharma and liberation.

Indirectly: bhakti in the Narada tradition is strengthened by śravaṇa (hearing) and kīrtana (recitation). Technical clarity about forms and endings safeguards accurate recitation and study, which are foundational devotional acts.

Vyākaraṇa and related technical instruction (with a chandas/pāda orientation): it references parasmaipada usage and the principle of apane(d)am—elision/removal of certain ending-units in transmitted forms.

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