Shloka 20

Adhyaya 85 — The Gods’ Hymn to the Goddess and the Emergence of Kaushiki; Shumbha Sends His Envoy

Sanskrit

या देवी सर्वभूतेषु क्षान्तिरूपेण संस्थिता ।

नमस्तस्यै नमस्तस्यै नमस्तस्यै नमो नमः ॥

Transliteration

yā devī sarvabhūteṣu kṣāntirūpeṇa saṃsthitā | namas tasyai namas tasyai namas tasyai namo namaḥ ||

Translation

Salam sembah berulang-ulang kepada Dewi yang bersemayam dalam semua makhluk sebagai wujud kesabaran/ketabahan.

Word by Word

• yā: she who
• yā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-यत्

• devī: the Goddess
• devī: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• sarva-bhūteṣu: in all beings
• sarva-bhūteṣu: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास

• kṣānti-rūpeṇa: in the form of patience/forbearance
• kṣānti-rūpeṇa: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣānti (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: क्षान्तेः रूपम्

• saṃsthitā: is established/abides
• saṃsthitā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√sthā (स्था) (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

• tasyai: to her
• tasyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

• tasyai: to her
• tasyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

• tasyai: to her
• tasyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• namo: salutation
• namo: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; संधिरूप (नमः + नमः → नमो नमः)

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

Speakers

• Collective hymn of praise within Devī Māhātmya (stuti addressed to the Goddess)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Durgā/Chāṇḍikā)

Shakti Aspects

• Devī as Kṣānti (virtue-power of endurance)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Dharma (virtues)
• Ethics
• Inner strength

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Forbearance is elevated to a divine manifestation; practicing kṣānti becomes a mode of aligning with Devī, turning restraint into sacred strength.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Devotional-ethical stuti within an upākhyāna unit; it supports purāṇic dharma teaching indirectly rather than via explicit injunction lists.

What is the esoteric significance?

Kṣānti is a stabilizing śakti that prevents reactive dispersion of energy; in inner practice it corresponds to steadiness (dhairya) that permits deeper contemplation.