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Shloka 91

Adhyaya 8Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

विश्वामित्र उवाच यदि चाण्डालवित्तं त्वमात्मविक्रयजं मम ।

न प्रदास्यसि कालेन शाप्स्यामि त्वामसंशयम् ॥

viśvāmitra uvāca yadi caṇḍālavittaṃ tvam ātma-vikrayajaṃ mama |

na pradāsyasi kālena śāpsyāmi tvām asaṃśayam ||

Viśvāmitra berkata: “Jika engkau tidak menyerahkan kepadaku, pada waktunya, harta seorang caṇḍāla—harta yang lahir daripada menjual diri—maka pasti aku akan menyumpah engkau.”

विश्वामित्रःViśvāmitra
विश्वामित्रः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootviśvāmitra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
यदिif
यदि:
Nimitta (निमित्त/Condition)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
Formशर्त-अव्यय (conditional particle)
चाण्डालवित्तम्the Caṇḍāla’s money
चाण्डालवित्तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootcaṇḍāla + vitta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘चाण्डालस्य वित्तम्’
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
आत्मविक्रयजम्born of self-sale
आत्मविक्रयजम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of ‘vitta’)
TypeAdjective
Rootātma + vikraya + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘आत्मविक्रयात् जातम्’ (arisen from selling oneself)
ममto me/of me
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
प्रदास्यसिyou will give
प्रदास्यसि:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-दा (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple future), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
कालेनin time, by the time
कालेन:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Temporal locus)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन; अवधी/समयार्थे (within time)
शाप्स्यामिI shall curse
शाप्स्यामि:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootशप्/शाप् (धातु: शप् = curse)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple future), उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
असंशयम्without doubt
असंशयम्:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootasaṃśaya (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
Formअव्यय (adverbial accusative used as indeclinable): निःसंशयम् (certainly)
Viśvāmitra (speaking to an unnamed 'you' in this verse; likely a king/householder figure within the chapter’s narrative)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaKarmic consequenceMisuse of ascetic power (tapas)Coercion and ethical giving (dāna)Social status and impurity discourse (caṇḍāla)

FAQs

The verse foregrounds the tension between dharma and power: even a revered ṛṣi can deploy spiritual potency coercively. It implicitly warns that wealth and giving are ethically conditioned—dāna loses purity when compelled by fear, and wealth linked with degradation (ātma-vikraya, ‘self-sale’) carries moral stigma in classical dharma discourse.

Primarily within Vaṃśānucarita/Carita (narrative of persons and events) rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa proper. It is an ethical-narrative illustration used by the Purāṇa to teach dharma through story.

Symbolically, ‘caṇḍāla-wealth’ and ‘self-sale’ can represent the soul’s loss of sovereignty when it ‘sells’ itself to desire or fear. The threatened curse dramatizes how inner compulsion (fear of consequence) can drive action; the higher teaching is to act from discernment and right order (kāla), not from coercion.