HomeMarkandeya PuranaAdhy. 8Shloka 185
Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 185

Adhyaya 8Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

कष्टं शैव्येयमेषा हि स बालोऽयमितीरयन् ।

रुरोद दुःखसंतप्तो मूर्च्छामभिजगाम च ॥

kaṣṭaṃ śaivyeyam eṣā hi sa bālo 'yam itīrayan | ruroda duḥkha-santapto mūrcchām abhijagāma ca ||

Sambil berseru, “Aduhai! Inilah benar-benar Śaivya, dan inilah budak itu!”, baginda menangis, dibakar oleh dukacita, lalu rebah pengsan pula.

kaṣṭamalas!, how painful
kaṣṭam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/exclamatory)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya-like accusative used as exclamation (नपुंसक-द्वितीया एकवचन, भावे प्रयोग)
śaivyeyamthis Śaivyā (lady)
śaivyeyam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootśaivya (प्रातिपदिक) + idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; Karmadhāraya: ‘this Śaivyā (woman)’ (śaivyā + iyam)
eṣāthis (she)
eṣā:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular
hiindeed, for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात) giving emphasis/indeed
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
bālaḥthe boy
bālaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; in apposition to saḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootbāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता; deictic apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, quotative particle
īrayansaying, uttering
īrayan:
Karta (कर्ता; participle qualifying saḥ)
TypeVerb
Rootīr (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘uttering/saying’
rurodawept
ruroda:
Kriyā (क्रिया/main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootrud (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
duḥkha-santaptaḥafflicted by grief
duḥkha-santaptaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; adjective of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + santapta (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त from √tap)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी/तृतीया-भाव): ‘tormented by sorrow’
mūrcchāmfainting, swoon
mūrcchām:
Karma (कर्म/object of going/attaining)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrcchā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd), Singular
abhijagāmareached, fell into
abhijagāma:
Kriyā (क्रिया/main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-gam (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
Narrator (quoting the king’s exclamation)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

LamentationRecognitionParental griefEmotional collapse

FAQs

The king’s cry shows how identity clings to relational markers (‘my queen’, ‘my child’). Purāṇic ethics does not deny grief, but uses it to press the question: what is stable when all possessions and relations are vulnerable to time and fate?

Ākhyāna (narrative) used as a didactic device; it prepares the ground for later instruction rather than presenting cosmology or genealogy.

The fainting (mūrcchā) can be read as prāṇa and mind withdrawing under shock—an image of how unassimilated suffering ‘eclipses’ awareness, contrasting with the later ideal of steady witnessing (sākṣitva).