Previous Verse

Shloka 121

Adhyaya 51Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

द्वितीयस्तु गुणान् मैत्रीं लोकस्थामपकर्षति ।

इत्येते दुः सहाः सर्वे यक्ष्मणः सन्ततावथ ।

पापाचाराः समाख्याताः यैर्व्याप्तमखिलं जगत् ॥

dvitīyas tu guṇān maitrīṃ lokasthām apakarṣati /

ity ete duḥsahāḥ sarve yakṣmaṇaḥ santatāv atha /

pāpācārāḥ samākhyātā yair vyāptam akhilaṃ jagat

Yang kedua mengurangkan kebajikan serta persahabatan yang bersemayam antara manusia. Maka semua Duḥsaha ini dinyatakan sebagai keturunan/kelanjutan Yakṣman; ia disebut amalan jahat, yang dengannya seluruh dunia diliputi.

dvitīyaḥthe second (one)
dvitīyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
guṇānvirtues/qualities
guṇān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
maitrīmfriendliness
maitrīm:
Karma (कर्म/Object; along with guṇān)
TypeNoun
Rootmaitrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
loka-sthāmexisting in the world
loka-sthām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootloka + sthā (प्रातिपदिक; स्था धातु → स्थ)
FormTatpuruṣa (‘situated in the world’); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with maitrīm
apakarṣatidrags down; diminishes
apakarṣati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootapa-√kṛṣ (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-निपात)
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
duḥ-sahāḥhard to endure
duḥ-sahāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootdus + saha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya/Upapada-type (‘hard to bear’); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
sarveall
sarve:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
yakṣmaṇaḥconsumptions/diseases (yakṣma)
yakṣmaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to ete)
TypeNoun
Rootyakṣman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
santatauin the lineage/continuity; in progeny
santatau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootsantati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
athaand then; moreover
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) used for continuation/transition
pāpa-ācārāḥsinful practices
pāpa-ācārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; predicate-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa + ācāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (‘sinful conduct’); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
samākhyātāḥare declared/called
samākhyātāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया; predicate ‘are called’)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√khyā (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त) used predicatively; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
yaiḥby which/whom
yaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); relative pronoun
vyāptampervaded
vyāptam:
Kriyā (क्रिया; predicate ‘is pervaded’)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√āp (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with jagat
akhilamentire
akhilam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootakhila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with jagat
jagatthe world
jagat:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
Narrative voice

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Spread of adharmaErosion of social trust (maitrī)Personified disease and moral decline

FAQs

The deepest harm is not only bodily but social: when virtues and mutual trust decline, society becomes a field for pervasive suffering. The text treats 'pāpācāra' as contagious and world-pervading.

A didactic-etiological conclusion to a localized origin narrative (closest to pratisarga-style explanation of how conditions proliferate in the world).

Yakṣman as 'consumption' symbolizes the consuming nature of vice: it eats away guṇa and maitrī. The 'pervasion of the world' mirrors how tamas spreads when vigilance (śauca, sat-saṅga, satya-vāk) is lost.