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Shloka 41

Adhyaya 50Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

ब्रह्मोवाच नात्तव्यन्ते जगदिदं जहि कोपं शमं व्रज ।

त्यजैनान्तामसीं वृत्तिमपास्य रजसः कलाम् ॥

brahmovāca nāttavyante jagad idaṃ jahi kopaṃ śamaṃ vraja | tyajaināṃ tāmasīṃ vṛttim apāsya rajasaḥ kalām ||

Brahmā bersabda: “Dunia ini bukan untuk dilahap. Tinggalkan kemarahan; pergilah kepada ketenangan. Tinggalkan cara bertindak yang bersifat tamas ini, dengan mengetepikan bahkan bahagian rājasa sekali pun.”

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (negation particle)
अत्तव्यम्should be eaten
अत्तव्यम्:
Karma (कर्म; impersonal predicate about जगत्)
TypeAdjective
Rootattavya (कृदन्त; √ad धातु)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; “to be eaten/should be eaten”
तेby you/for you
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive) एकवचन / or चतुर्थी (Dative) एकवचन; here: षष्ठी “by you/for you” in prohibition context
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of impersonal predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इदम्this
इदम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (in apposition to जगत्)
जहिabandon/kill (give up)
जहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
कोपम्anger
कोपम्:
Karma (कर्म/object of जहि)
TypeNoun
Rootkopa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
शमम्calmness
शमम्:
Karma (कर्म/object of व्रज; goal as object)
TypeNoun
Rootśama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
व्रजgo/attain
व्रज:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vraj (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
त्यजabandon
त्यज:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√tyaj (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
एनाthis (her/it)
एना:
Karma (कर्म/object of त्यज)
TypeNoun
Rootenad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (enām)
तामसीम्tamasic, of darkness
तामसीम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण of वृत्तिम्)
TypeAdjective
Roottāmasī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
वृत्तिम्conduct/behavior
वृत्तिम्:
Karma (कर्म/object of त्यज)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अपास्यhaving cast away
अपास्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/preceding action)
TypeVerb
Rootapāsya (कृदन्त; √as/√ās with apa-; absolutive)
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), “having cast off”
रजसःof rajas (passion)
रजसः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootrajas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
कलाम्portion/part
कलाम्:
Karma (कर्म/object of अपास्य)
TypeNoun
Rootkalā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
Brahmā to Duḥsaha

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Brahmā
Guṇa ethics (tamas/rajas)Self-restraintNon-violence / non-destructionCosmic order (ṛta/dharma)

FAQs

The verse teaches regulation of the guṇas: destructive tamas must be renounced, and even rajas (which can energize but also inflame) must be curtailed when it supports harm. Calmness (śama) is presented as the corrective to devouring anger.

Not vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita/manvantara; it is dharma-upadeśa framed within a creator-authority narrative (a didactic insertion alongside sarga motifs).

‘Do not devour the world’ can be read inwardly: do not consume experience through compulsive grasping. Śama is the inner ‘Brahmā-speech’ that halts the predatory mind.