Shloka 21

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

बुद्धिर्लज्जा वपुः शान्तिः सिद्धिः कीर्तिस्त्रयोदशी ।

पत्नीर्थे प्रतिजग्राह धर्मो दाक्षायणीः प्रभुः ॥

Transliteration

buddhir lajjā vapuḥ śāntiḥ siddhiḥ kīrtis trayodaśī | patny-arthe pratijagrāha dharmo dākṣāyaṇīḥ prabhuḥ ||

Translation

Buddhi, Lajjā, Vapuḥ, Śānti, Siddhi dan Kīrti—menjadikan jumlahnya tiga belas. Tuhan Dharma menerima puteri-puteri Dakṣa sebagai isteri-isterinya.

Word by Word

• बुद्धिः: Buddhi (intellect)
• बुद्धिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• लज्जा: Lajjā (modesty)
• लज्जा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लज्जा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वपुः: Vapus (body/beauty)
• वपुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वपुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शान्तिः: Śānti (peace)
• शान्तिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सिद्धिः: Siddhi (attainment)
• सिद्धिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कीर्तिः: Kīrti (fame)
• कीर्तिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कीर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• त्रयोदशी: the thirteenth (one)
• त्रयोदशी: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रयोदश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संख्या-विशेषण (the thirteenth)

• पत्नी-अर्थे: for (the purpose of) wives
• पत्नी-अर्थे: Hetu/Prayojana (हेतु/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; समासः पत्नी+अर्थ (चतुर्थी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थ: ‘पत्नी-निमित्ते’ = for the purpose of a wife)

• प्रतिजग्राह: accepted (in marriage)
• प्रतिजग्राह: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः प्रति

• धर्मः: Dharma
• धर्मः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दाक्षायणीः: the daughters of Dakṣa (Dākṣāyaṇīs)
• दाक्षायणीः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दाक्षायणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचन; ‘दक्षस्य अपत्यं स्त्री’ इति तद्धित (आण्/अयण्-प्रत्यय)

• प्रभुः: the lord
• प्रभुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speakers

• Not explicitly indicated in the provided excerpt (genealogical narration within the Purāṇic frame).

Primary Deities

• Dharma
• Dakṣa

Shakti Aspects

• Personified feminine qualities (not Devī Māhātmya forms).

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Genealogy
• Cosmology

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharma is shown as ‘marrying’ virtues—meaning righteousness is not abstract but functions through discernment, modest restraint, peace, accomplishment, and honorable reputation.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga/Pratisarga genealogical listing: unions of personified principles explain how ethical qualities propagate into cosmic and social order.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘marriage’ motif encodes integration: dharma becomes effective only when united with inner faculties (buddhi), restraint (lajjā), embodied conduct (vapuḥ), and stable mind (śānti).