Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Adhyaya 43Portents of Death (Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas) and the Yogin’s Response; Alarka Renounces Kingship

यस्य वस्तसमो गन्धो गात्रे शवसमोऽपि वा ।

तस्यार्धमासिकं ज्ञेयं योगिनो नृप ! जीवितम् ॥

yasya vastasamo gandho gātre śavasamo 'pi vā / tasyārdhamāsikaṃ jñeyaṃ yogino nṛpa ! jīvitam

Wahai Raja, jika tubuh seseorang mengeluarkan bau seperti kain yang telah hapak/berkulat, atau bahkan seperti bau mayat, maka para yogin berkata bahawa baki hayatnya patut diketahui tinggal setengah bulan.

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम
वस्तसमःlike cloth (smell)
वस्तसमः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootवस्त + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुष: वस्तस्य समः (equal to cloth/garment)
गन्धःsmell/odor
गन्धः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
गात्रेin/on the body
गात्रे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootगात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
शवसमःlike a corpse (smell)
शवसमः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootशव + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुष: शवस्य समः (like a corpse)
अपिeven/also
अपि:
सम्बन्ध-सूचक (particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअप्यर्थक-निपात (even/also)
वाor
वा:
विकल्प-सूचक (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-निपात (or)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अर्धमासिकम्half-month long
अर्धमासिकम्:
विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्ध + मासिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: अर्धं मासिकम् (half-month)
ज्ञेयम्should be known
ज्ञेयम्:
विधेय (predicate; injunction)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formतव्यत्/अनीयर्-अर्थे क्तव्य-समाना (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; “to be known/should be understood”
योगिनःof the yogin
योगिनः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयोगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
नृपO king
नृप:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
जीवितम्life-span
जीवितम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; वाक्ये कर्तृस्थानी (subject of ‘ज्ञेयम्’)
Didactic voice addressing a king (nṛpa) within the chapter’s instruction

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Somatic omensAuthority of yogins as diagnosticiansImpending death (half-month)

FAQs

The body is treated as a transient vessel with observable decline; the ethical thrust is to turn urgently toward dharma and inner preparation when decay-signs manifest.

Ancillary teaching; it supports dharma and vairāgya but is not a core Pancalakṣaṇa category.

Odor signifies the dominance of tamas and the loosening of prāṇic cohesion; ‘yogins’ here represent subtle perception—reading the body as a field of karmic exhaustion.