Shloka 27

Adhyaya 40 — The Yogin’s Impediments (Upasargas), Subtle Concentrations, and the Eight Siddhis

Sanskrit

सप्तैताः धारणाः योगी समतीत्य यदिच्छति ।

तस्मिंस्तस्मिंल्लयं सूक्ष्मे भूते याति नरेश्वर ॥

Transliteration

saptaitā dhāraṇā yogī samatītya yad icchati /

tasmiṃs tasmiṃl layaṃ sūkṣme bhūte yāti nareśvara

Translation

Wahai tuan manusia, apabila yogin melampaui tujuh dhāraṇā ini menurut kehendaknya, dia memasuki pelarutan (laya) ke dalam setiap unsur halus yang sepadan.

Word by Word

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (numeral adjective; neuter nom/acc plural; agreeing with धारणाः by sense)

• एताः: these
• एताः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा, बहुवचन (feminine nominative plural pronoun/adjective)

• धारणाः: concentrations (dhāraṇās)
• धारणाः: कर्म (Karma/कर्मपद)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा, बहुवचन (feminine nominative plural)

• योगी: the yogin
• योगी: कर्ता (Kartā/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा, एकवचन (masculine nominative singular)

• समतीत्य: having transcended
• समतीत्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + अति + इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive); “सम्-अति-इ” → समतीत्य (having transcended)

• यत्: whatever (that which)
• यत्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter accusative singular; relative)

• इच्छति: desires
• इच्छति: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्/इच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (present indicative, 3rd sg)

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी, एकवचन (locative singular; “in that”)

• तस्मिन्: in that (each)
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे सप्तमी, एकवचन (locative singular; repeated distributively)

• लयम्: dissolution/absorption
• लयम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया, एकवचन (masculine accusative singular)

• सूक्ष्मे: subtle
• सूक्ष्मे: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूक्ष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी, एकवचन (neuter locative singular; qualifying भूते)

• भूते: in the element/being
• भूते: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी, एकवचन (neuter locative singular)

• याति: goes/attains
• याति: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (present indicative, 3rd sg)

• नर-ईश्वर: O lord of men (king)
• नर-ईश्वर: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/आह्वान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग (vocative singular; tatpuruṣa “lord of men”)

Speakers

• Teacher addressing the king (nareśvara)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Laya
• Subtle elements (bhūta, sūkṣma)
• Mastery of meditation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Mastery in yoga is described as voluntary transcendence of meditative stages—freedom rather than compulsion. The yogin is not trapped by experiences produced in practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily yogic praxis instruction; it does not directly map to the five hallmark topics.

What is the esoteric significance?

Laya into ‘subtle bhūtas’ suggests a reverse-cosmology meditation: the practitioner dissolves the constructed world back into its finer constituents, mirroring involution (pralaya) at the microcosmic level.