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Shloka 56

Adhyaya 4Jaimini Meets the Dharmapakshis: Four Doubts on the Mahabharata and the Opening of Narayana Doctrine

वामनादींस्तथैवान्यान् न संख्यातुमिहोत्सहे ।

अवताराश्च तस्येह माथुरः साम्प्रतं त्वयम् ॥

vāmanādīṃs tathaivānyān na saṃkhyātum ihotsahe /

avatārāś ca tasyeha māthuraḥ sāmprataṃ tvayam //

Vāmana dan penjelmaan yang lain juga demikian—aku tidak berani menghitungnya di sini. Sesungguhnya, avatāra Baginda banyak di dunia ini; dan sekarang, wahai Māthura, engkau pun hadir di hadapanku pada saat ini (sebagai salah satunya).

vāmana-ādīnVāmana and others
vāmana-ādīn:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāmana (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (ādi = 'beginning with'); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन
tathāthus, likewise
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/so')
evaindeed, just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
anyānother
anyān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifies avatārān understood)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)
saṃkhyātumto enumerate
saṃkhyātum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival complement)
TypeVerb
Rootsaṃ-khyā (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive), उपसर्ग: सम्, धातु: ख्या (गणने)
ihahere
iha:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb: 'here/in this context')
utsaheI am able / I dare
utsahe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootut-sah (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; धातु: सह् (शक्तौ) with उपसर्ग उत्
avatārāḥincarnations
avatārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootavatāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
tasyaof him
tasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
ihahere
iha:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb)
māthuraḥ(the) Māthura (born in Mathurā)
māthuraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmāthura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies tvam)
sāmpratamnow, at present
sāmpratam:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsāmpratam (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb: 'now/at present')
tvayamyou
tvayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
Frame-dialogue speaker addressing a listener titled 'Māthura' (exact assignment depends on the edition’s speaker mapping for Adhyaya 4)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Vishnu (implied via Vāmana avatāra)Avatāra principle (general)
Avatāra doctrineLimits of textual enumerationNarrative framing and authority of the speaker

FAQs

The verse underscores the immeasurable scope of the divine’s manifestations: the speaker declines exhaustive listing, suggesting that avatāras are not merely a closed canon but an ongoing, context-sensitive mode of divine presence. Ethically, it cautions against reducing dharma or divinity to rigid catalogues; discernment is valued over mere enumeration.

This aligns most closely with Vaṃśānucarita (accounts of dynasties/lineages and notable figures) and, more broadly, with narrative theology that often accompanies Manvantara and Vaṃśa materials. While not a direct Sarga/Pratisarga passage, it functions as a doctrinal aside that supports Purāṇic historiography by acknowledging multiple divine interventions across eras.

Esoterically, the refusal to ‘count’ avatāras points to the infinitude (ananta) of the divine and the idea that the sacred can appear in innumerable forms according to adhikāra (fitness) and yuga-needs. Addressing the listener as ‘Māthura’ may hint at a living embodiment of sacred geography (Mathurā as a Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa-tīrtha), implying that avatāra is not only historical but also immediately present in the hearer’s world.