Shloka 21

Adhyaya 22 — Kuvalayashva’s Death through Daitya-Deceit and Madalasa’s Self-Immolation

Sanskrit

एतन्मया नृशंसनेन दृष्टं दुष्कृतकारिणा ।

यदत्रानन्तरं कृत्यं क्रियतां तदकाळिकम् ॥

Transliteration

etanmayā nṛśaṃsena dṛṣṭaṃ duṣkṛtakāriṇā | yadatrānantaraṃ kṛtyaṃ kriyatāṃ tadakālikam ||

Translation

Inilah yang aku sendiri telah lihat—walaupun aku kejam dan pelaku kejahatan. Apa pun yang patut dilakukan seterusnya dalam hal ini, hendaklah dilakukan segera, tanpa berlengah.

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण; agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• नृशंसनेन: by a cruel (one)
• नृशंसनेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृशंस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• दृष्टम्: seen
• दृष्टम्: Kriya (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दुष्कृतकारिणा: by an evildoer
• दुष्कृतकारिणा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्कृत + कारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (दुष्कृतस्य कारिणा = doer of evil)

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma (कर्म; object of implied ‘to be done’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)

• अनन्तरम्: next/immediate
• अनन्तरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (immediate/next)

• कृत्यम्: what should be done
• कृत्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘to be done’ (duty/necessary act)

• क्रियताम्: let (it) be done
• क्रियताम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive: ‘let it be done’)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अकालिकम्: without delay/immediate
• अकालिकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अकालिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

Speakers

• Tālāketu speaking (implicit continuation of his speech)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Urgency in dharmic response
• Witness report
• Atonement/ethical self-assessment

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

When adharma is witnessed, the right response is prompt duty (kṛtya) rather than delay. The speaker’s self-deprecating phrasing can function as moral seriousness: acknowledging one’s flaws while still insisting on immediate righteous action.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna. It is a narrative pivot that triggers the next action in the story.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Akālikam’ points to kairos—right timing: spiritual and ethical restoration often depends less on elaborate planning than on immediate alignment with dharma once clarity arises.