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Shloka 51

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

यः करोति च पैशुन्यमन्यवागन्यथामतिः ।

पाट्यते हि द्विधा जिह्वा तस्येत्थं निशितैः क्षुरैः ॥

yaḥ karoti ca paiśunyamanyavāganyathāmatiḥ / pāṭyate hi dvidhā jihvā tasyetthaṃ niśitaiḥ kṣuraiḥ

Sesiapa yang melakukan adu domba dan fitnah—berkata satu hal tetapi memikirkan yang lain—lidahnya dibelah dua dengan pisau cukur yang tajam.

yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम
karotidoes/commits
karoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
paiśunyamslander/backbiting
paiśunyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpaiśunya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
anyavākspeaking of others/another's speech
anyavāk:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक) + vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक vāc (speech) with षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (another's speech); प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (yaḥ)
anyathāmatiḥof perverted/contrary mind
anyathāmatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanyathā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + mati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (anyathā = otherwise + mati = mind/opinion) विशेषणम् (yaḥ)
pāṭyateis split/cut
pāṭyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpaṭ (धातु) (causative sense: pāṭay-)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)
dvidhāin two parts
dvidhā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdvidhā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb), प्रकारवाचक
jihvātongue
jihvā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjihvā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
itthamthus
ittham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootittham (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb), प्रकारवाचक (thus)
niśitaiḥwith sharp
niśitaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniśita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (kṣuraiḥ)
kṣuraiḥrazors
kṣuraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन
Not specified in input; didactic narration on karmic consequences.

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaRight speechIntegrityKarmaphalaNaraka imagery

FAQs

Duplicity in communication corrodes social trust and inner truthfulness. The text frames slander as a direct perversion of vāṅmaya (speech), warranting a punishment aimed at the instrument of wrongdoing—the tongue.

Ethical instruction/karmaphala; not a pañcalakṣaṇa category.

The tongue split ‘in two’ reflects a divided inner state: one face for the world and another within. Razors symbolize discriminative truth cutting through falsehood—here experienced as painful consequence.