Shloka 29

Adhyaya 1 — Jaimini’s Questions on the Mahabharata and the Origin of the Wise Birds

Sanskrit

स तेनर्षिवरिष्ठेन दृष्टमात्रः शचीपतिः ।

समुत्तस्थौ स्वकं चास्मै ददावासनमादरात् ॥

Transliteration

sa tenarṣivariṣṭhena dṛṣṭamātraḥ śacīpatiḥ /

samuttasthau svakaṃ cāsmai dadāvāsanam ādarāt

Translation

Sebaik sahaja dilihat oleh resi yang utama itu, tuan Śacī (Indra) segera bangun dan dengan hormat mempersembahkan tempat duduknya sendiri.

Word by Word

• saḥ: he (Śakra)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• tena: by him
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ṛṣi-variṣṭhena: by the best of sages
• ṛṣi-variṣṭhena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + variṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ṛṣīṇām variṣṭhaḥ = ‘best of sages’)

• dṛṣṭa-mātraḥ: as soon as he was seen
• dṛṣṭa-mātraḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of śacīpatiḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √dṛś) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); अव्ययीभावः—‘dṛṣṭa-mātram’ = ‘only upon being seen/at mere sight’ (here used adjectivally: ‘having been merely seen’)

• śacī-patiḥ: Śacī’s lord (Indra)
• śacī-patiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śacī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śacyāḥ patiḥ = ‘husband of Śacī’)

• sam-uttasthau: rose up
• sam-uttasthau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); उपसर्गौ—सम् + उत्

• svakam: his own
• svakam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of āsanam
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asmai: to him
• asmai: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative, 4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• āsanam: a seat
• āsanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ādarāt: out of respect
• ādarāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ādara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (Singular)

Speakers

• Narrative voice (sūta-style narration within the Purāṇa’s opening); not part of Devi Māhātmyam

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Indra (Śacīpati)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Respect for sages
• Hospitality and honor (satkāra)
• Royal/Deva etiquette

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the king of the gods models dharmic conduct: immediate rising and offering a seat to a realized sage signifies humility, recognition of spiritual authority, and the primacy of brahma-tejas over worldly power.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse functions as frame-narrative dharma/ācāra material rather than a direct pañcalakṣaṇa item. Indirectly it supports 'vaṃśānucarita' (accounts of exemplary conduct) by portraying ideal behavior of a leading deity.

What is the esoteric significance?

Indra’s rising symbolizes the ascent of egoic sovereignty yielding before higher insight (ṛṣi-jñāna). The offering of one’s own seat points to surrender of status and the inner 'āsana' (establishedness) being ceded to wisdom.