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Shloka 21

Adhyaya 1Jaimini’s Questions on the Mahabharata and the Origin of the Wise Birds

पिङ्गाक्षश्च विबोधश्च सुपुत्रः सुमुखस्तथा ।

द्रोणपुत्राः खगश्रेष्ठास्तत्त्वज्ञाः शास्त्रचिन्तकाः ॥

piṅgākṣaś ca vibodhaś ca suputraḥ sumukhas tathā |

droṇaputrāḥ khagaśreṣṭhās tattvajñāḥ śāstracintakāḥ ||

Dan (ada) Piṅgākṣa dan Vibodha, Suputra dan juga Sumukha—anak-anak Droṇa—yang unggul antara burung-burung, mengetahui kebenaran serta merenungi śāstra.

piṅgākṣaḥPingaksha
piṅgākṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; member of list)
TypeNoun
Rootpiṅga + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; कर्मधारयः—‘पिङ्गे अक्षिणी यस्य/पिङ्गाक्षः’ (name)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
vibodhaḥVibodha
vibodhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; member of list)
TypeNoun
Rootvibodha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
suputraḥSuputra
suputraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; member of list)
TypeNoun
Rootsu + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; कर्मधारयः—‘सु-पुत्रः’ (name)
sumukhaḥSumukha
sumukhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; member of list)
TypeNoun
Rootsu + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; कर्मधारयः—‘सु-मुखः’ (name)
tathāalso
tathā:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb/conjunction (तथा—also/likewise)
droṇaputrāḥsons of Drona
droṇaputrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; member of list)
TypeNoun
Rootdroṇa + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुषः—‘द्रोणस्य पुत्राः’ (sons of Droṇa)
khagaśreṣṭhāḥbest of birds
khagaśreṣṭhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaga + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुषः—‘खगानां श्रेष्ठाः’
tattvajñāḥknowers of reality
tattvajñāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of droṇaputrāḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roottattva + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुषः—‘तत्त्वं जानन्ति’ (knowers of truth)
śāstracintakāḥthinkers on the scriptures
śāstracintakāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of droṇaputrāḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootśāstra + cintaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुषः—‘शास्त्रं चिन्तयन्ति’ (reflecting on scripture)
Narrative voice within the frame story (context: introduction of the wise birds; not Devi Māhātmya)

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Frame narrativeSages and instructionŚāstra studyTattva-jñāna

FAQs

The verse establishes an ideal of wisdom: true excellence (even in non-human forms like birds) is defined by tattva-jñāna (insight into reality) and sustained śāstra-cintana (scriptural reflection). It signals that authority in the coming discourse rests on knowledge and contemplation, not merely status or species.

Indirectly supportive rather than a direct pancalakṣaṇa unit. It functions as framing apparatus for instruction (upodghāta) and sets up the speakers/authorities through whom dharma and cosmological material may be transmitted; it is not itself sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita content.

The 'best of birds' motif points to a symbolic inversion: higher knowledge can manifest in unexpected vessels. Birds—often linked with freedom of movement and elevated vision—become emblems of detached insight (dṛṣṭi) and discrimination (viveka), suggesting that realization is marked by perspective and śāstric discernment.