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Mahabharata — Virata Parva, Shloka 29

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

घ्नन्तमत्यर्थमहितान्‌ विजयं तत्र मेनिरे कालमर्जुनरूपेण संहरन्तमिव प्रजा:

ghnantam atyartham ahitān vijayaṃ tatra menire kālam arjunarūpeṇa saṃharantam iva prajāḥ

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Melihat Pārtha menumpaskan tidak terbilang ramai pahlawan musuh dengan kekuatan yang melampau di medan itu, orang ramai menyimpulkan bahawa seolah-olah Kala (Waktu/Maut) sendiri, mengambil rupa Arjuna, telah datang untuk menuai nyawa makhluk. Rangkap ini menegaskan bahawa keperkasaan luar biasa, apabila diarahkan terhadap para penyerang, tampak seperti daya tak berperibadi dan tak terelakkan milik takdir, bukan sekadar tindakan manusia.

घ्नन्तम्killing, slaying
घ्नन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अत्यर्थम्excessively, greatly
अत्यर्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
अहितान्enemies, hostile ones
अहितान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
विजयम्victory
विजयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविजय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तत्रthere, in that place
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
मेनिरेthey thought, they considered
मेनिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परिपूर्ण/परोक्ष भूत), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन
कालम्Time; Death (personified)
कालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अर्जुनरूपेणin the form of Arjuna
अर्जुनरूपेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन-रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन
संहरन्तम्destroying, annihilating
संहरन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-हृ (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
प्रजाःcreatures, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्री, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
P
Pārtha
K
Kāla (Time/Death)
B
battlefield (samara-bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames Arjuna’s battlefield action as resembling Kāla—an impersonal, inevitable force—suggesting that in a righteous war against aggressors, the warrior’s agency can be perceived as aligned with destiny and the cosmic order rather than personal cruelty.

On the battlefield, Arjuna (Pārtha) is destroying vast numbers of enemies with extraordinary intensity. Observers, looking toward him, believe that Time/Death itself has taken Arjuna’s form and is annihilating beings.