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Shloka 2

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 54 — Missile-Exchange and Tactical Redirection

Arjuna, Aśvatthāman, Karṇa

वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! धनुषधारियोंमें श्रेष्ठ अर्जुनने शत्रुसेनाको बड़े वेगसे दबाकर उन गौओंको जीत लिया और वे युद्धकी इच्छासे फिर दुर्योधनकी ओर चले ।। गोषु प्रयातासु जवेन मत्स्यान्‌ किरीटिनं कृतकार्य च मत्वा । दुर्योधनायाभिमुखं प्रयात॑ कुरुप्रवीरा: सहसा निपेतु:,जब गौएँ तीव्र गतिसे मत्स्यदेशकी राजधानीकी ओर भाग गयीं और अर्जुन अपने कार्यमें सफल होकर दुर्योधनकी ओर बढ़ चले, तब यह सब जानकर कौरव वीर सहसा वहाँ आ पहुँचे

goṣu prayātāsu javena matsyān kirīṭinaṃ kṛtakāryaṃ ca matvā | duryodhanāyābhimukhaṃ prayātaṃ kurupravīrāḥ sahasā nipetuḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Wahai Janamejaya! Arjuna, yang terunggul antara para pemanah, telah menekan bala tentera musuh dengan kelajuan besar lalu memenangi kembali lembu-lembu itu; kemudian, dengan hasrat berperang, dia bergerak lagi ke arah Duryodhana. Tatkala kawanan lembu telah dipacu laju menuju ke ibu kota negeri Matsya, dan apabila mereka mengetahui bahawa Arjuna yang bermahkota telah menyempurnakan tugasnya serta mara untuk berhadapan dengan Duryodhana, maka para wira Kuru yang terkemuka pun segera menyerbu ke tempat itu—ghairah untuk bertempur dan berniat menemuinya secara berdepan.

गोषुamong/with respect to the cows
गोषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
प्रयातासुwhen (they) had gone / while (they) were departing
प्रयातासु:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु) → प्रयात (क्त)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
जवेनwith speed
जवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मत्स्यान्the Matsyas
मत्स्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
किरीटिनम्the diademed one (Arjuna)
किरीटिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृतकार्यंone whose task is accomplished
कृतकार्यं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतकार्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मत्वाhaving thought/considered
मत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु) → मत्वा (क्त्वा)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
दुर्योधनायtowards/for Duryodhana
दुर्योधनाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
अभिमुखम्facing, towards (him)
अभिमुखम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिमुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयाताःhaving gone / having set out
प्रयाताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु) → प्रयात (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुरुप्रवीराःthe foremost heroes of the Kurus
कुरुप्रवीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-प्रवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
निपेतुःthey fell upon / rushed in / arrived
निपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत् (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
A
Arjuna (Kirīṭin)
D
Duryodhana
K
Kuru warriors
M
Matsya (country/people)
C
cattle (cows)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how success in a mission and the movement of valuable resources (the cattle) immediately reshapes battlefield decisions: warriors, bound by kṣatriya duty and rivalry, rush to confront the capable opponent. It implicitly underscores the ethical tension between rightful protection and aggressive retaliation in war.

After Arjuna has overpowered the enemy force and secured the cattle, the herd is already being driven swiftly toward the Matsya realm. Realizing Arjuna has completed his objective and is now moving to face Duryodhana, the leading Kuru fighters suddenly arrive and launch themselves into the confrontation.