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Shloka 15

Arjuna’s Self-Identification and the Ten Names

Uttara–Arjuna Saṃvāda

कर्णने कहा--आचार्य! आप सदा हमारे सामने अर्जुनके गुणोंकी श्लाघा करते रहते हैं, परंतु अर्जुन मेरी और दुर्योधनकी सोलहवीं कलाके भी बराबर नहीं है ।। दुर्योधन उवाच यद्येष पार्थो राधेय कृतं कार्य भवेन्‍्मम | ज्ञाता: पुनश्नरिष्यन्ति द्वादशाब्दान्‌ विशाम्पते,दुर्योधनने कहा--राधानन्दन! यदि यह अर्जुन है; तब तो मेरा काम ही बन गया। अंगराज! अब ये पाण्डव पहचान लिये जानेके कारण फिर बारह वर्षोतक वनमें भटकेंगे

duryodhana uvāca | yady eṣa pārtho rādheya kṛtaṃ kāryaṃ bhaven mama | jñātāḥ punaḥ nariṣyanti dvādaśābdān viśāṃpate ||

Duryodhana berkata: “Wahai putera Rādhā (Karna), jika ini benar-benar Pārtha (Arjuna), maka maksudku telah tercapai. Setelah para Pāṇḍava dikenali, mereka akan dipaksa sekali lagi menjalani dua belas tahun dalam buangan di rimba, wahai tuan rakyat.”

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थःPartha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राधेयO Radheya (Karna)
राधेय:
TypeNoun
Rootराधेय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कृतम्done; accomplished
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
कार्यम्task; business; what is to be done
कार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would be; might become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
ममof me; my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
ज्ञाताःhaving been recognized; known
ज्ञाताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञात
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
नरिष्यन्तिwill lead (a life); will live
नरिष्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनृ
FormFuture, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वादश
अब्दान्years
अब्दान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअब्द
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
K
Karna (Rādheya)
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
P
Pandavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how adherence to agreed conditions (vows and terms of exile) creates binding consequences: recognition at the wrong time is treated as a decisive legal-moral trigger, and Duryodhana frames it as a strategic victory rather than a question of fairness.

Duryodhana, speaking to Karna, believes he has identified Arjuna. He exults that if the Pāṇḍavas have been discovered, they will be compelled to undergo another twelve-year exile, implying their incognito term has been invalidated.