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Shloka 20

सदा हि तस्य स्पर्धा55सीदर्जुनेन विशाम्पते । अर्जुनस्य च कर्णेन यतो दृष्टो बभूव स:,राजन्‌! अर्जुन और कर्णने जबसे एक-दूसरेको देखा था, तभीसे कर्ण अर्जुनके साथ स्पर्धा रखता था और अर्जुन भी कर्णके साथ बड़ी स्पर्धा रखते थे

sadā hi tasya spardhā āsīd arjunena viśāmpate | arjunasya ca karṇena yato dṛṣṭo babhūva saḥ |

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Wahai tuan rakyat, sejak saat Karṇa pertama kali memandang Arjuna, dia sentiasa menyimpan semangat persaingan terhadapnya; dan Arjuna juga mengekalkan tekad persaingan yang kuat terhadap Karṇa. Maka pertarungan mereka bukanlah lahir daripada satu peristiwa semata-mata, melainkan daripada perbandingan yang berpanjangan, didorong oleh keangkuhan, yang kian membentuk tindak-tanduk dan pilihan mereka.

सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
Formindeclinable (time adverb)
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
Formindeclinable (particle)
तस्यof him (of Karna)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
स्पर्धाrivalry/competition
स्पर्धा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्धा
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
अर्जुनेनwith Arjuna (as counterpart)
अर्जुनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
अर्जुनस्यof Arjuna
अर्जुनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (conjunction)
कर्णेनwith Karna (as counterpart)
कर्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
यतःsince/from the time when
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः
Formindeclinable (relative adverb)
दृष्टःseen
दृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular
बभूवbecame/was
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
सःhe (Karna)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
K
Karṇa
R
Rājan (the king addressed, i.e., Janamejaya in the frame narrative)

Educational Q&A

Persistent rivalry (spardhā) rooted in pride and comparison can become a long-term driver of action, narrowing judgment and steadily intensifying conflict. The verse highlights how enduring competitive fixation, once established, shapes character and future choices.

Vaiśampāyana explains to the king that Karṇa and Arjuna’s antagonism was not sudden: from their first encounter, Karṇa maintained rivalry toward Arjuna, and Arjuna reciprocated. This sets the background for their later confrontations and the deepening hostility between their sides.