Shloka 34

Agni’s Withdrawal to the Forest and Identification with Āṅgirasa (अग्न्याङ्गिरस-इतिहासः)

Devanagari script

जितेन्द्रियो धर्मपर: स्वाध्यायनिरत: शुचि:

Transliteration

jitendriyo dharmaparaḥ svādhyāyanirataḥ śuciḥ

Translation

“Dialah yang menaklukkan inderanya, teguh berpegang pada dharma, sentiasa tekun dalam swādhyāya (pengajian suci), dan bersih dalam perilaku.”

Word by Word

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has conquered (his) senses; self-controlled
• जितेन्द्रियः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित-इन्द्रिय (जि √जि + इन्द्रिय)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मपरः: devoted to dharma; intent on righteousness
• धर्मपरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-पर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वाध्यायनिरतः: engaged in self-study (Vedic study); devoted to recitation/study
• स्वाध्यायनिरतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वाध्याय-निरत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शुचिः: pure; clean; disciplined
• शुचिः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (a Brahmin speaker)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse defines an ideal ethical-spiritual character: mastery over the senses (jitendriya), unwavering commitment to dharma (dharmapara), disciplined engagement with sacred learning (svādhyāya), and inner/outer purity (śuci). Together these are presented as foundational virtues for a righteous life.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Brahmin speaker is describing (or praising) a person by listing hallmark virtues—self-restraint, dharma-centeredness, dedication to sacred study, and purity—serving as a moral characterization within the Vana Parva’s broader didactic and exemplary discourse.