Shloka 33

Agni’s Withdrawal to the Forest and Identification with Āṅgirasa (अग्न्याङ्गिरस-इतिहासः)

Devanagari script

य: क्रोधमोहौ त्यजति त॑ देवा ब्राह्मणं विदु: । यो वदेदिह सत्यानि गुरु संतोषयेत च

Transliteration

yaḥ krodha-mohau tyajati taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ | yo vaded iha satyāni guruṃ santoṣayet ca ||

Translation

Brahmin itu berkata: “Sesiapa yang menanggalkan amarah dan khayal delusi—para dewa sendiri mengiktirafnya sebagai brāhmaṇa sejati. Dan sesiapa di dunia ini berkata benar serta menggembirakan gurunya—demikianlah laku yang menandai jalan dharma.”

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• क्रोधमोहौ: anger and delusion
• क्रोधमोहौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध + मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, द्विवचन

• त्यजति: abandons
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ब्राह्मणम्: a brahmin (true Brahmana)
• ब्राह्मणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• विदुः: know / consider
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्ष/परिपूर्ण भूत; here: perfect with present sense), प्रथम, बहुवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वदेत्: should speak
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (सम्भावना/आज्ञार्थ), प्रथम, एकवचन

• इह: here (in this world)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• सत्यानि: truths / true words
• सत्यानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• गुरुम्: the teacher
• गुरुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• संतोषयेत्: should please / should satisfy
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + तुष् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (causative sense: to cause to be satisfied), प्रथम, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (speaker)
• देवाः
• गुरु

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True brahminical worth is defined by inner discipline and ethical speech: abandoning anger and delusion, speaking truth, and honoring the teacher by conduct that brings him satisfaction.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Brahmin speaker is instructing on dharma by listing virtues that identify a genuine brāhmaṇa—self-mastery over anger and delusion, commitment to truth, and proper regard for one’s guru.