Shloka 50
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration
Sañjaya’s Report
Devanagari script
हिरण्मयं श्वेतहयै क्षतुर्भि- दा युक्त स्यन्दनं माधवस्य । द्रष्टा युद्धे सात्यकेर्धारराष्ट्र- स्तदा तप्स्यत्यकृतात्मा स मन्द:
Translation
Sañjaya berkata: Apabila dalam peperangan Duryodhana—berjiwa berdosa, tidak terdidik batinnya dan tumpul budi—melihat kereta perang Sātyaki keturunan Madhu, yang keemasan dan ditarik oleh empat ekor kuda putih, maka pasti ia akan dilanda pedih dan sesal.
Word by Word
हिरण्मयम्golden
हिरण्मयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्मय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्वेतहयैःwith white horses
श्वेतहयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वेतहय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
चतुर्भिःby four
चतुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युक्तम्yoked, harnessed
युक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
स्यन्दनम्chariot
स्यन्दनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्यन्दन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माधवस्यof Mādhava (Krishna)
माधवस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्रष्टाthe seer, the one who will see
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदृश्
Formतृच् (agent noun), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सात्यकेःof Sātyaki
सात्यकेः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रःDhārtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana), son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तप्स्यतिwill be pained, will suffer
तप्स्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
Formलृट् (simple future), परस्मैपद, 3rd, Singular
अकृतात्माundisciplined (one whose self is not mastered)
अकृतात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअकृतात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मन्दःdull-witted, foolish
मन्दः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes