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Shloka 40

Sanatsujāta-Āhvāna (Summoning Sanatsujāta) — Vidura’s Invocation and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Doubt

सर्वान्‌ स्विष्टकृतो देवान्‌ विद्याद्‌ य इह कश्नन । न समानो ब्राह्मणस्य तस्मिन्‌ प्रयतते स्वयम्‌,यदि कोई इस लोकमें अभीष्ट सिद्ध करनेवाले सम्पूर्ण देवताओंको जान ले, तो भी वह ब्रह्मवेत्ताके समान नहीं होता; क्योंकि वह तो अभीष्ट फलकी सिद्धिके लिये ही प्रयत्न कर रहा है

sarvān sviṣṭakṛto devān vidyād ya iha kaścana | na samāno brāhmaṇasya tasmin prayatate svayam ||

Sanatsujāta berkata: Walaupun seseorang di dunia ini mengetahui semua dewa yang dipercayai memberi kejayaan yang dihajati, dia tetap tidak setara dengan orang yang mengenal Brahman. Kerana pencari dewa itu berusaha semata-mata untuk memperoleh hasil yang diingini, sedangkan si pengenal Brahman berdiri melampaui usaha yang terikat pada tujuan dan ganjaran.

सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्विष्टकृतःwish-fulfilling
स्विष्टकृतः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्विष्टकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देवान्gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विद्यात्might know / should know
विद्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कश्चनsomeone, anyone
कश्चन:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समानःequal
समानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणस्यof a brahmin / of the knower of Brahman (contextual)
ब्राह्मणस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (respect) / in him
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्रयततेstrives, makes effort
प्रयतते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयत् (प्र + यत्)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
स्वयम्by oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्

सनत्युजात उवाच

सनत्युजात (Sanatsujāta)
देवाः (the gods/deities)
ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa / Brahman-knower)

Educational Q&A

Knowledge aimed at securing desired outcomes—even if it includes knowing all wish-fulfilling deities—remains inferior to Brahma-knowledge. The verse contrasts goal-oriented striving for results with the higher realization of Brahman, which transcends desire-based attainment.

In the Sanatsujātīya section of the Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs (in a philosophical discourse) on the superiority of spiritual realization over ritualistic or result-seeking religiosity, emphasizing the primacy of Brahman-realization.