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Shloka 47

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

जिता सभा वस्त्रवता मिष्टाशा गोमता जिता । अध्वा जितो यानवता सर्व शीलवता जितम्‌,अच्छे वस्त्रवाला सभाको जीतता (अपना प्रभाव जमा लेता) है; जिसके पास गौ है, वह (दूध, घी, मक्खन, खोवा आदि पदार्थोके आस्वादनसे) मीठे स्वादकी आकांक्षाको जीत लेता है, सवारीसे चलनेवाला मार्गको जीत लेता (तय कर लेता) है और शीलस्वभाववाला पुरुष सबपर विजय पा लेता है

jitā sabhā vastravatā miṣṭāśā gomatā jitā | adhvā jito yānavatā sarvaṁ śīlavatā jitam ||

Vidura berkata: Orang yang berpakaian elok memenangi penerimaan dalam majlis; orang yang memiliki lembu mengatasi keinginan akan rasa manis dan kaya melalui susu serta hasilnya; orang yang mempunyai kenderaan menakluk jalan (kerana perjalanan menjadi mudah); dan orang yang berakhlak baik menakluk semuanya. Ajaran ini menegaskan bahawa sumber luaran hanya menghapus halangan tertentu, tetapi śīla—budi pekerti—memberi kemenangan yang tertinggi dan paling menyeluruh.

जिताconquered
जिता:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त, Feminine, Nominative, Singular
सभाassembly hall
सभा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वस्त्रवताby/with one who has garments; by the well-clad
वस्त्रवता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवस्त्रवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मिष्टाशाdesire for sweets/pleasant tastes
मिष्टाशा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमिष्टाशा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गोमताby/with one who has cows; by the possessor of cattle
गोमता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootगोमत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
जिताconquered
जिता:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त, Feminine, Nominative, Singular
अध्वाroad; journey
अध्वा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जितःconquered; overcome
जितः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यानवताby/with one who has a vehicle; by the mounted
यानवता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootयानवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
सर्वम्all; everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शीलवताby/with the virtuous; by one of good conduct
शीलवता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशीलवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
जितम्conquered; won
जितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
S
sabhā (assembly/court)
V
vastra (garments)
G
go (cows/cattle)
Y
yāna (vehicle/conveyance)
A
adhvan (road/journey)
Ś
śīla (good conduct)

Educational Q&A

Material supports can help in limited domains—clothing aids social standing, cattle reduce dependence on desired foods, vehicles ease travel—but the supreme and comprehensive conquest comes from śīla (good character), which wins trust and authority everywhere.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers nīti (ethical-political counsel). Here he uses compact comparisons to teach that while resources bring practical advantages, enduring success in court and life depends on disciplined conduct and moral character.