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Shloka 75

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

पज्चैव पूजयॉँलल्‍लोके यश: प्राप्नोति केवलम्‌ | देवान्‌ पितृन्‌ मनुष्यांश्व भिक्षूनतिथिपठ्चमान्‌,देवता, पितर, मनुष्य, संन्यासी और अतिथि--इन पाँचोंकी पूजा करनेवाला मनुष्य शुद्ध यश प्राप्त करता है

pañcaiva pūjayan loke yaśaḥ prāpnoti kevalam | devān pitṝn manuṣyāṁś ca bhikṣūn atithipañcamān ||

Vidura mengajar bahawa seseorang memperoleh nama baik yang murni dan tidak tercemar di dunia dengan menghormati lima golongan: para dewa, para leluhur, sesama manusia, para pertapa pengemis (renunciant mendicants), dan para tetamu. Penghormatan ini ditampilkan sebagai disiplin etika—menegakkan tertib kosmos melalui pemujaan, menunaikan kewajipan keluarga melalui upacara leluhur, memelihara keharmonian sosial melalui hormat kepada manusia, meraih pahala rohani melalui khidmat kepada para asketik, dan menegakkan dharma melalui layanan tetamu.

पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च
Form—, Accusative, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पूजयन्worshipping/honouring
पूजयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
FormPresent (Shatru), —, Singular, Parasmaipada
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यशःfame/glory
यशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्नोतिattains/obtains
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
केवलम्only/merely
केवलम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकेवल
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पितॄन्the ancestors (pitṛs)
पितॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मनुष्यान्human beings
मनुष्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भिक्षून्mendicants/beggars (ascetics)
भिक्षून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभिक्षु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अतिथीन्guests
अतिथीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पञ्चमान्the fivefold / as five (together)
पञ्चमान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
D
Devas
P
Pitrs (ancestors)
M
Manushyas (people)
B
Bhikshus (mendicants/ascetics)
A
Atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

True and ‘pure’ reputation arises from practicing dharma through reverence to five pillars of life: divine order (devas), lineage and gratitude (pitrs), humane conduct toward society (manushyas), support of spiritual striving (bhikshus), and hospitality (atithi).

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral counsel (nīti) amid the tense pre-war negotiations. Here he instructs on everyday dharmic conduct, emphasizing that honoring these five is a practical foundation for righteousness and social harmony.