Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition
पञ्चाग्नयो मनुष्येण परिचर्या: प्रयत्नत: । पिता माताग्निरात्मा च गुरुश्न भरतर्षभ,भरतश्रेष्ठ) पिता, माता, अग्नि, आत्मा और गुरु-मनुष्यको इन पाँच अग्नियोंकी बड़े यत्नसे सेवा करनी चाहिये
pañcāgnayo manuṣyeṇa paricaryāḥ prayatnataḥ | pitā mātāgnir ātmā ca guruś ca bharatarṣabha ||
Vidura mengajar bahawa seseorang mesti dengan tekun berkhidmat kepada lima “api suci”: ayah, ibu, api rumah tangga, diri sendiri, dan guru. Dengan memuliakan mereka sebagai altar hidup bagi kewajipan, seseorang menegakkan dharma dalam kehidupan berkeluarga dan dalam tata laku peribadi.
विदुर उवाच
That essential duties are to be treated as sacred: serving father, mother, the domestic fire (ritual and household responsibility), one’s own self (health and moral integrity), and one’s teacher. These sustain dharma in personal and social life.
In Vidura’s counsel (nīti) during the Udyoga Parva, he instructs the Bharata elder on righteous conduct, emphasizing foundational obligations that uphold order and virtue amid the looming conflict.