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Shloka 59

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

न्यायागतस्य द्रव्यस्य बोद्धव्यौ द्वावतिक्रमौ । अपात्रे प्रतिपत्तिश्व पात्रे चाप्रतिपादनम्‌,न्यायपूर्वक उपार्जित किये हुए धनके दो ही दुरुपयोग समझने चाहिये--अपात्रको देना और सत्पात्रको न देना

nyāyāgatasya dravyasya boddhavyau dvāv atikramau | apātre pratipattiś ca pātre cāpratipādanam ||

Vidura mengajar bahawa: bahkan harta yang diperoleh dengan cara yang benar pun boleh disia-siakan dari segi etika hanya dalam dua cara asas: memberikannya kepada yang tidak layak, dan tidak memberikannya kepada yang layak. Ertinya, kemakmuran yang selaras dengan dharma dipelihara bukan sekadar dengan mencari rezeki secara jujur, tetapi dengan pengagihan yang berhemah dan adil—menyokong yang patut disokong dan tidak memperkasa yang tidak patut.

न्यायागतस्यof lawfully obtained
न्यायागतस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootन्यायागत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
द्रव्यस्यof wealth/property
द्रव्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
बोद्धव्यौto be understood/known
बोद्धव्यौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबोद्धव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अतिक्रमौtransgressions/misuses
अतिक्रमौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अपात्रेin/unto an unworthy recipient
अपात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपात्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रतिपत्तिःbestowal/giving
प्रतिपत्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिपत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पात्रेin/unto a worthy recipient
पात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपात्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रतिपादनम्non-bestowal/not giving
अप्रतिपादनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रतिपादन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Righteously earned wealth is still subject to moral failure if it is distributed without discernment: giving to the unworthy is harmful, and withholding from the worthy is equally a misuse. Dharma requires both just acquisition and just allocation.

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel on dharma and statecraft (Vidura-nīti) amid rising tension before the Kurukṣetra war. Here he instructs that the ethical handling of resources depends on recognizing who is fit to receive support and ensuring that deserving persons are not neglected.