Shloka 4
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 137 — Bhīṣma–Droṇa Counsel and the Ethics of Restraint
Devanagari script
क्लेशिता हि त्वया पार्था धर्मपाशसितास्तदा । सभायां द्रौपदी चैव तैश्न तन्मर्षितं तव
Translation
“Sesungguhnya engkau telah menyusahkan para Pārtha—yang ketika itu terikat oleh belenggu dharma—pada saat permainan dadu; dan Draupadī juga engkau timpa derita di balairung Kaurava. Namun mereka menanggung segala kesalahanmu itu dalam diam.”
Word by Word
क्लेशिताःafflicted, tormented
क्लेशिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्लेशित (क्लेश् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पार्थाःthe sons of Pritha (the Pandavas)
पार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्मपाशसिताःbound by the noose of dharma
धर्मपाशसिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म-पाश-आसित (आस् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सभायाम्in the assembly
सभायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
द्रौपदीDraupadi
द्रौपदी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवalso, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
तत्that (act/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मर्षितम्was endured/forborne
मर्षितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootमर्षित (मृष् + क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तवof you, your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes