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Shloka 12

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

प्रलयं न विजानन्ति आत्मन: परिनिर्मितम्‌ | ततस्तेनास्थिता मार्ग ध्रुवमक्षरमव्ययम्‌

pralayaṁ na vijānanti ātmanaḥ parinirmitaṁ | tataḥ tenāsthitā mārgaṁ dhruvam akṣaram avyayam ||

Janamejaya bertanya: “Tidakkah mereka memahami peleraian (pralaya) yang dibentuk oleh Diri? Dan kerana itu, tidakkah mereka berlindung pada jalan yang ditegakkan oleh-Nya—jalan yang teguh, tidak binasa (akṣara), dan tidak susut (avyaya)? Dan lagi, adakah Brahmā, Rudra, Indra yang perkasa (pembunuh Bala/Asura), Matahari, Soma tuan bintang-bintang, Vāyu, Agni, Varuṇa, Ākāśa, Bumi, serta para dewa yang selebihnya—mereka juga tidak mengetahui jalan pembebasan yang dicipta oleh Diri Tertinggi, sehingga tidak menempuh jalan yang tidak tergoyahkan, tidak musnah, dan kekal itu?”

प्रलयम्dissolution, destruction
प्रलयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विजानन्तिthey know, they understand
विजानन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
आत्मनःof the Self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परिनिर्मितम्fully fashioned/created
परिनिर्मितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-निर्मित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःtherefore, from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तेनby that, through that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
आस्थिताःhaving resorted to, having taken refuge in
आस्थिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
FormPast active participle (kta/ktavat-type usage), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
मार्गम्path, way
मार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ध्रुवम्fixed, steady
ध्रुवम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षरम्imperishable
अक्षरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अव्ययम्unchanging, undecaying
अव्ययम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
Ā
Ātman (Supreme Self)
P
Pralaya
M
Mokṣa-mārga (path of liberation)
B
Brahmā
R
Rudra (Śiva)
I
Indra
S
Sūrya (Sun)
C
Candra/Soma (Moon; lord of stars)
V
Vāyu
A
Agni
V
Varuṇa
Ā
Ākāśa (ether/space)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
D
Devas (remaining gods)
B
Bala (asura, implied by Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames liberation as an imperishable, steady path grounded in the Supreme Self, and raises a philosophical problem: even exalted gods may be ignorant of (or fail to take refuge in) the true mokṣa-path, implying that status and power do not guarantee liberating knowledge.

Janamejaya, in dialogue within the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and ultimate good, questions how cosmic dissolution and the Self-established path to liberation relate to the gods—asking whether even Brahmā, Rudra, Indra, and other deities fail to recognize and follow that eternal path.