Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 38

अहिंसा-प्रधान धर्मविचारः

Ahiṃsā as the Superior Dharma: Practical and Scriptural Reasoning

मृत्योर्ये ते व्याधय श्चाश्रुपाता मनुष्याणां रुज्यते यैः शरीरम्‌ | सर्वेषां वै प्राणिनां प्राणनान्ते तस्माच्छोक॑ मा कृथा बुद्धय बुद्धया,पहले मृत्युके जो अश्रुबिन्दु गिरे थे, वे ही ज्वर आदि रोग हो गये; जिनके द्वारा मनुष्योंका शरीर रुग्ण हो जाता है। वह मृत्यु सभी प्राणियोंकी आयु समाप्त होनेपर उनके पास आती है। अतः राजन! तुम अपने पुत्रके लिये शोक न करो। इस विषयको बुद्धिके द्वारा समझो

mṛtyor ye te vyādhayaś cāśrupātā manuṣyāṇāṁ rujyate yaiḥ śarīram | sarveṣāṁ vai prāṇināṁ prāṇanānte tasmāc chokaṁ mā kṛthā budhya budhyā ||

Bhīṣma berkata: “Air mata yang mula-mula jatuh ketika Maut datang telah menjadi penyakit—demam dan seumpamanya—yang menyakiti tubuh manusia. Maut mendatangi setiap makhluk hidup apabila nafas hayat yang diperuntukkan baginya telah sampai ke penghujung. Maka, wahai raja, janganlah berdukacita atas puteramu; fahamilah perkara ini dengan pertimbangan budi yang jernih.”

मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
येwhich/that (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्याधयःdiseases
व्याधयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्रु-पाताःfalls of tears, tear-drops
अश्रु-पाताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रु-पात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मनुष्याणाम्of men/humans
मनुष्याणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रुज्यतेis afflicted / becomes diseased
रुज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootरुज्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive
यैःby which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरीरम्the body
शरीरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्राणन-अन्तेat the end of life/breath
प्राणन-अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणन-अन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
शोकम्grief
शोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
कृथाःdo/make
कृथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormLot, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
बुद्ध्याwith understanding
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
बुद्ध्याby (your) intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhishma (Pitamaha)
D
Death (Mṛtyu)
T
the king (rājan, addressed)
T
the son (putra, implied in address)

Educational Q&A

Grief should be restrained through discernment: death is inevitable and comes to all beings only when their allotted lifespan ends; understanding this reduces attachment-driven sorrow.

Bhīṣma instructs and consoles a grieving king, explaining the universality of death and the origin of bodily afflictions, urging him not to mourn his son but to reflect wisely.