Shloka 25
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
साच्चिको राजसशक्षापि तामसक्षापि ते त्रयः । त्रिविधा वेदना येषु प्रसूता: सर्वसाधना:,इनमेंसे एक-एकके सातच्चिक, राजस और तामस तीन-तीन भेद होते हैं। उनसे प्राप्त होनेवाले अनुभव भी तीन प्रकारके ही हैं। जो हर्ष, प्रीति आदि सभी भावोंके साधक हैं
sāttviko rājasas tathāpi tāmasaś cāpi te trayaḥ | trividhā vedanā yeṣu prasūtāḥ sarva-sādhanāḥ ||
Bhīṣma berkata: “Tiga ini pula terbahagi kepada tiga—sāttvika, rājasika, dan tāmasika. Pengalaman (rasa dan tanggapan) yang timbul melaluinya juga tiga serangkai; dan daripadanya lahir pelbagai keadaan batin yang menjadi sarana bagi segala usaha—seperti kegembiraan, kasih sayang, dan kecenderungan seumpamanya.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma explains that inner experience and motivation are conditioned by the three guṇas—sattva, rajas, and tamas—and that the feelings arising from them shape one’s dispositions and capacities for pursuing any goal; ethical cultivation therefore involves understanding and refining these guṇa-based tendencies.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct and inner discipline, Bhīṣma continues his teaching by classifying human experiences and dispositions according to the three guṇas, linking psychological states (like joy and affection) to their underlying qualities.