Shloka 14

दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint

Dama

Devanagari script

रमत्ययं यथा स्वप्रे मनसा देहवानिव । कर्मगर्भर्गुणैदेही गर्भे तदुपलभ्यते,जैसे स्वप्लावस्थामें यह जीव मनके द्वारा ही दूसरा शरीर धारण करके क्रीडा करता है, उसी प्रकार वह कर्मगर्भित गुणोंद्वारा गर्भमें उपलब्ध होता है

Transliteration

ramaty ayaṃ yathā svapne manasā dehavān iva | karmagarbhair guṇair dehī garbhe tad upalabhyate ||

Translation

Bhishma berkata: “Sebagaimana dalam mimpi, diri ini seakan-akan mengambil tubuh yang lain melalui minda semata-mata lalu bersuka-ria di dalamnya, demikian juga makhluk berjasad itu ditanggapi dalam rahim—dibentuk dan dibawa ke hadapan oleh sifat-sifat (guṇa) yang sarat dengan benih perbuatan lampau (karma).”

Word by Word

• रमति: sports/enjoys
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम्
• Form: Lat (Present), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अयम्: this (one), he
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यथा: just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• स्वप्ने: in a dream
• स्वप्ने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वप्न
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• मनसा: by the mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• देहवान्: embodied
• देहवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देहवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• कर्मगर्भैः: by those having karma as seed/contents
• कर्मगर्भैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कर्मगर्भ
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• गुणैः: by qualities (gunas)
• गुणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• देही: the embodied self
• देही: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देहिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गर्भे: in the womb
• गर्भे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तत्: that (state/thing)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपलभ्यते: is perceived/obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-लभ्
• Form: Lat (Present), 3, Singular, Atmanepada (Passive sense)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• svapna (dream)
• manas (mind)
• garbha (womb)
• dehī (embodied being)
• guṇa (qualities)
• karma (action and its residue)