Shloka 20

ध्यानयोगवर्णनम्

Description of the Path of Meditation

Devanagari script

पज्चात्मके पड्चगुणप्रदर्शी स सर्वगात्रानुगतो<न्तरात्मा । स वेत्ति दुःखानि सुखानि चात्र तद्विप्रयोगात्‌ तु न वेत्ति देह:,वह अन्तरात्मा पाँचों इन्द्रियोंके गुणोंको धारण करनेवाले मनका द्रष्टा है और वही इस पाज्चभौतिक शरीरके सम्पूर्ण अवयवोंमें व्याप्त होकर सुख-दुःखका अनुभव करता है। जब उसका शरीरके साथ सम्बन्ध छूट जाता है, तब इस शरीरको सुख-दुःखका भान नहीं होता है (इससे मनके अतिरिक्त उसके साक्षी आत्माकी सत्ता स्वतः सिद्ध हो जाती है)

Transliteration

pañcātmake pañcaguṇapradarśī sa sarvagātrānugato 'ntarātmā | sa vetti duḥkhāni sukhāni cātra tadviprayogāt tu na vetti dehaḥ ||

Translation

Bharadvāja berkata: “Diri Batin, yang menyingkapkan lima sifat dalam susunan lima lapis (jasmani–psikik), meresapi seluruh anggota tubuh. Diri Batin itulah yang, dalam kehidupan berjasad ini, mengetahui suka dan duka. Namun apabila ia terpisah daripada tubuh, tubuh itu sendiri tidak lagi mempunyai kesedaran akan suka atau duka.”

Word by Word

पञ्चात्मकेin the fivefold-constituted (body/aggregate)

पञ्चगुणप्रदर्शीthe revealer/manifestor of the five qualities

सःhe/that (one)

सर्वगात्रानुगतःpervading/following all limbs

अन्तरात्माthe inner self

सःhe/that (one)

वेत्तिknows/experiences

दुःखानिsufferings

सुखानिpleasures

चand

अत्रhere (in this context/body)

तत्from that

विप्रयोगात्from separation/disjunction

तुbut/indeed

नnot

वेत्तिknows/experiences

देहःthe body

Speaker

भरद्वाज उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bharadvāja (speaker)

antarātmā (inner Self)

deha (body)

pañcaguṇa (five qualities)

pañca (fivefold constitution)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Pleasure and pain are known by the indwelling consciousness (antarātmā) that pervades the body; the body by itself is inert and cannot cognize. When the inner Self is separated, the body has no awareness—supporting the distinction between conscious Self and material body.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Bharadvāja explains the relation between the inner Self and the body: the Self pervades the limbs and is the knower of sensory qualities and experiences, while the body alone lacks cognition once the Self departs.