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Shloka 2

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

स राजा धर्मविन्नित्यं सह पत्न्या महातपा: । मुज्जपृष्ठ जगामाथ पितृदेवर्षिपूजितम्‌,“एक समयकी बात है, वे महातपस्वी धर्मज्ञ नरेश अपनी पत्नीके साथ देवताओं, ऋषियों तथा पितरोंसे पूजित मुंजपृष्ठ नामक तीर्थस्थानमें आये

sa rājā dharmavinnityaṃ saha patnyā mahātapāḥ | muñjapṛṣṭhaṃ jagāmātha pitṛdevarṣipūjitam ||

Bhishma berkata: “Raja itu—sentiasa mengetahui dharma dan seorang pertapa agung—berangkat bersama permaisurinya lalu tiba di tempat suci (tīrtha) bernama Muñjapṛṣṭha, yang dihormati dan dipuja oleh para Pitṛ (leluhur), para dewa, dan para Ṛṣi.”

सःhe, that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मवित्knower of dharma
धर्मवित्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मवित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
पत्न्याwith (his) wife
पत्न्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
महातपाःgreat ascetic (of great austerity)
महातपाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहातपस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुज्जपृष्ठम्to Muñjapṛṣṭha (a tīrtha/place-name)
मुज्जपृष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमुज्जपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जगामwent
जगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
पितृदेवर्षिपूजितम्honored/worshipped by Pitṛs, Devas, and Ṛṣis
पितृदेवर्षिपूजितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृदेवर्षिपूजित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
T
the king (unnamed in this verse)
T
the king's wife
M
Muñjapṛṣṭha (tīrtha)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)
Ṛṣis (seers)

Educational Q&A

Righteous governance is grounded in steady dharma-knowledge and disciplined tapas, expressed through humility and reverence—especially via pilgrimage and honoring the gods, seers, and ancestors who uphold moral order.

Bhīṣma describes a dharma-wise king traveling with his wife to the sacred place Muñjapṛṣṭha, a tīrtha honored by Pitṛs, Devas, and Ṛṣis—setting the scene for a dharma-centered episode.