Shloka 24

Ānṛśaṃsya, Amātya-Guṇa, and Reconciliatory Counsel (आनृशंस्य–अमात्यगुण–संधि-उपदेशः)

Devanagari script

अहं त्वया चात्मगुणैर्जित: पार्थिवसत्तम | आत्मानमनवज्ञाय जितवद्‌ वर्ततां भवान्‌

Transliteration

ahaṁ tvayā cātmaguṇair jitaḥ pārthiva-sattama | ātmānam anavajñāya jitavad vartatāṁ bhavān |

Translation

Bhishma berkata: “Wahai raja yang terbaik, aku telah ditundukkan olehmu melalui kebajikanmu sendiri. Maka janganlah meremehkan dirimu; bertindaklah seperti orang yang menang.”

Word by Word

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम्
• Form: common, Nominative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वम्
• Form: common, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आत्मगुणैः: by (your) own virtues
• आत्मगुणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मगुण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• जितः: conquered/defeated
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पार्थिवसत्तम: O best of kings
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिवसत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• आत्मानम्: yourself
• आत्मानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनवज्ञाय: not disrespecting (having not slighted)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अवज्ञा
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), अन- (negation), Parasmaipada (usage)

• जितवत्: like a victor; victor-like
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितवत्
• Form: Neuter (adverbial use), Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• वर्तताम्: let (him/you) behave; may (you) conduct yourself
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्
• Form: लोट् (imperative), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular

• भवान्: you (honorific)
• भवान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Victory grounded in virtue is superior to external conquest; one should not demean oneself but live with the dignity and discipline of a true victor.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma, speaking as an elder authority, praises a king/prince for conquering him through noble qualities and exhorts him to maintain self-respect and act in accordance with that moral triumph.