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Shloka 283

रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield

त्रिधा भूता महाराज तव सैन्यमुपाद्रवन्‌ । महाराज! शत्रुओंका दमन करनेवाले महाधनुर्थर पाण्डव भी सेनाका व्यूह बनाकर तीन भागोंमें विभक्त हो आपकी सेनापर चढ़ आये

tridhā bhūtā mahārāja tava sainyam upādravan |

Sañjaya berkata: Wahai Raja Agung, bala tentera tuanku telah diserang oleh para Pāṇḍava. Setelah membentuk susunan perang (vyūha), mereka membahagi diri kepada tiga bahagian lalu mara untuk menghancurkan musuh—menekan pertempuran dengan kekuatan yang berdisiplin dan tekad yang teguh di tengah tuntutan perang.

त्रिधाin three ways/into three parts
त्रिधा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा
FormAvyaya (manner)
भूताhaving become/divided
भूता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभू (भूत)
FormPast passive participle; neuter nominative plural (agreeing with सैन्यम् understood as 'forces' collectively)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine vocative singular
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter accusative singular
उपाद्रवन्they attacked/assailed
उपाद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√द्रु (द्रवति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person plural, parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
Kaurava army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined action in a righteous conflict: organized effort (vyūha and division into three) is portrayed as essential to fulfilling kṣatriya duty, where strategy and resolve operate within the larger frame of dharma and the grave ethics of war.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Pāṇḍavas formed a battle-array, split into three divisions, and launched an assault on the Kaurava host, intensifying the engagement through coordinated attack.