Shloka 25

Devanagari script

।। अवश्यं तु मया वाच्यं यत्‌ पथ्यं तव पाण्डव

Transliteration

avaśyaṃ tu mayā vācyaṃ yat pathyaṃ tava pāṇḍava, prayāhi śīghraṃ govinda sūtaputra-jighāṃsayā

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Namun aku mesti mengucapkan kata yang bermanfaat bagimu, wahai Pāṇḍava. Wahai Govinda, pergilah segera, dengan tekad membunuh putera sais kereta itu (Karna).”

Word by Word

• अवश्यम्: certainly, necessarily
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अवश्य

• तु: but, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम्
• Form: common, Instrumental, Singular

• वाच्यम्: must be said / is to be said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: तव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, obligation (passive sense)

• यत्: that which
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद्
• Form: relative pronoun (neuter nominative/accusative singular used correlatively)

• पथ्यम्: wholesome, beneficial, proper
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पथ्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तव: for you / of you
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: common, Genitive, Singular

• पाण्डव: O Pandava
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्रयाहि: go forth, depart
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (इ/या गत्यर्थे)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), Second, Singular, परस्मैपद, प्र

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्र

• गोविन्द: O Govinda
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोविन्द
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सूतपुत्र: of the charioteer’s son (Karna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूतपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular, सूतस्य पुत्रः

• जिघांसया: with the desire to kill
• जिघांसया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हन्
• Form: सन् (desiderative) + अ (noun) → जिघांसा, Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
• Pāṇḍava
• Sūtaputra (Karṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid war, speech should be guided by ‘pathya’—what is truly beneficial and duty-aligned. The verse presents urgent, outcome-focused counsel as a moral obligation: one must speak what is necessary for the right course of action, not merely what is pleasant.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports an urgent exhortation addressed to Govinda (Kṛṣṇa), urging immediate departure with the intent to bring about Karṇa’s death. The moment underscores tactical urgency and the high-stakes push toward a decisive confrontation.