Shloka 35

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

Devanagari script

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तावकानां परै: सह । घोरं प्राणभूृतां काले भीमरूपं परंतप,परंतप! फिर तो उस समय शत्रुओंके साथ आपके सैनिकोंका घोर युद्ध होने लगा, जो समस्त प्राणियोंके लिये भयंकर था

Transliteration

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha | ghoraṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle bhīmarūpaṃ parantapa parantapa ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Maka pada saat yang menentukan itu, tercetuslah pertempuran yang dahsyat antara bala tuanku dan pihak musuh. Ia menggerunkan segala makhluk bernyawa, mengambil rupa yang menakutkan, wahai pembakar musuh.

Word by Word

ततःthen, thereafter

प्रववृतेarose, began, commenced

युद्धम्battle, fighting

तावकानाम्of your (people/soldiers)

परैःwith the foes, by the enemies

सहtogether with

घोरम्terrible, dreadful

प्राणभृताम्of living beings (life-bearers)

कालेat the time

भीमरूपम्of fearful form

परंतपO scorcher of foes

परंतपO scorcher of foes (repeated address)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as parantapa)

Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)

Enemy forces (parāḥ; primarily Pāṇḍava side in context)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the moral gravity of war: once it begins, it becomes ‘ghora’—a terror not only for warriors but for all living beings. It implicitly warns that adharma-driven conflict spreads suffering widely and turns time itself (kāla) into an instrument of destruction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a fierce battle has erupted between the Kaurava forces (‘tāvakāḥ’) and their opponents. The scene is framed as a critical, ominous moment where the combat takes on a fearsome, overwhelming character.