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Shloka 28

Aśvatthāman’s Arrow-Screen and the Confrontation with Yudhiṣṭhira (द्रौणि–युधिष्ठिर-संग्रामः)

गायन्ति चाप्यबद्धानि प्रवर्तन्ते च कामतः । कामप्रलापिनो<चन्योन्यं तेषु धर्म: कथं भवेत्‌

gāyanti cāpy abaddhāni pravartante ca kāmataḥ | kāmapralāpino 'nyonyaṃ teṣu dharmaḥ kathaṃ bhavet ||

Mereka menyanyikan lagu-lagu yang tidak beraturan dan bertindak semata-mata menurut kehendak nafsu. Apabila manusia saling berbicara dalam celoteh hawa nafsu, bagaimana mungkin dharma dapat lahir dalam kalangan mereka?

गायन्तिthey sing
गायन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगै (गाय्)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अबद्धानिunconnected, incoherent (things/words)
अबद्धानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअबद्ध
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
प्रवर्तन्तेthey proceed/act
प्रवर्तन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत् (वर्तते)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कामतःat will, as they please
कामतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकाम
Formतसिल्-प्रत्यय (ablatival adverb)
कामप्रलापिनःthose who speak wantonly/at random
कामप्रलापिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकामप्रलापिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्योन्यम्mutually, one another
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverbial accusative)
तेषुamong them/in them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
भवेत्could be / would arise
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

कर्ण उवाच

कर्ण (Karna)
धर्म (Dharma)
काम (Kāma)

Educational Q&A

When desire governs speech and behavior—producing incoherent, passion-driven talk—dharma (right order and ethical conduct) cannot be established; self-restraint is presented as a prerequisite for dharma.

Karna is speaking critically about people whose actions and words are driven by kāma (passion), arguing that such a state of mind undermines the possibility of dharma among them.