Shloka 24
Droṇanidhana-anantaraṃ sainya-viṣādaḥ and Karṇa-pravṛttiḥ
After Droṇa’s fall: army despondency and Karṇa’s advance
Devanagari script
संजय उवाच तवापराधाद्ू यद् वृत्तं कौरवेयेषु मारिष । तच्छुत्वा मा व्यथां कार्षीर्दिष्टे न व्यथते बुध:,संजयने कहा--माननीय नरेश! आपके अपराधसे कौरवोंपर जो कुछ बीता है, उसे सुनकर दुःख न मानियेगा; क्योंकि दैववश जो दु:ख प्राप्त होता है, उससे विद्वान् पुरुष व्यथित नहीं होते हैं
Translation
Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai raja yang mulia, segala yang menimpa kaum Kaurava itu terjadi kerana kesalahan tuanku sendiri. Setelah mendengarnya, janganlah tuanku bersedih; kerana orang bijaksana tidak gundah oleh dukacita yang datang menurut ketentuan takdir.”
Word by Word
संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
अपराधात्because of the offense/fault
अपराधात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअपराध
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
यत्what/that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वृत्तम्occurred/happened (event)
वृत्तम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कौरवेयेषुamong the Kauravas
कौरवेयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौरवेय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
मारिषO venerable sir
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त, gerund), Parasmaipada (sense)
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
व्यथाम्distress/anguish
व्यथाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यथा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कार्षीःyou should do/make
कार्षीः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAorist (injunctive/imperative sense with मा), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दिष्टेwhen fate is ordained / in destiny
दिष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिष्ट
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
व्यथतेis distressed/grieves
व्यथते:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
बुधःa wise man
बुधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes