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Shloka 52

द्रोणविक्रमदर्शनम् / The Display of Droṇa’s Onslaught and the Debate on Pāṇḍava Regrouping

ततो द्रोण: सत्यसंध: प्रभिन्न इव कुझ्जर: । अभ्यतीत्य रथानीकं दृढसेनमपातयत्‌,तदनन्तर सत्यप्रतिज्ञ द्रोणने मदकी धारा बहानेवाले गजराजकी भाँति रथ-सेनाको लाँघकर दृढसेनको मार गिराया

tato droṇaḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ prabhinna iva kuñjaraḥ | abhyatītya rathānīkaṃ dṛḍhasenam apātayat ||

Sañjaya berkata: Kemudian Droṇa, yang teguh pada sumpahnya, menerjang ke hadapan bagaikan gajah mengamuk yang memutuskan belenggu. Melompat masuk ke dalam himpunan formasi kereta perang, dia menumbangkan Dṛḍhasena. Adegan ini menonjolkan bahawa dalam kegilaan perang, keteguhan pada janji (satya-saṃdhi) menjadi daya pendorong yang mampu merempuh formasi dan nyawa—menajamkan ketegangan etika antara setia pada kata-kata dan kemusnahan yang lahir daripada kesetiaan itu sendiri di medan laga.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यसन्धःtrue to his vow / of firm promise
सत्यसन्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यसन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभिन्नःrushing forth, breaking through
प्रभिन्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभिन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
कुञ्जरःan elephant
कुञ्जरः:
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यतीत्यhaving crossed/overstepped, having passed through
अभ्यतीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
रथ-अनीकम्the chariot-formation / chariot-host
रथ-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृढसेनम्Drdhasena
दृढसेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदृढसेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपातयत्caused to fall, struck down
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
D
Dṛḍhasena
R
rathānīka (chariot-host/formation)
K
kuñjara (elephant, as simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights satyasaṃdhi—steadfastness to one’s pledged word—as a powerful moral force. In the Mahābhārata’s war context, it also exposes the ethical strain: virtues like fidelity and resolve, when harnessed to warfare, can intensify destruction, prompting reflection on how dharma operates amid conflict.

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa, compared to a charging elephant, breaks into the enemy chariot-formation (rathānīka) and causes the warrior Dṛḍhasena to fall—i.e., he defeats and strikes him down in battle.